In the present study, fifty-two mungbean (Vigna radiata) genotypes were evaluated for seven morphological traits at three different environments in South Indian state Tamil Nadu, namely Virinjipuram (E1), Eachangkottai (E2), and Bhavanisagar (E3) during Kharif 2017, 2018, and 2019, respectively. The data collected were subjected to variability and correlation analyses, followed by stability analysis using additive main effects and multiplicative interaction (AMMI) model, genotype and genotype × environment interaction effects (GGE) biplot. Variablility was observed among the genotypes for the following traits viz., plant height, days to fifty per cent flowering, number of pods per plant, pod length, number of seeds per pod, hundred seed weight and grain yield. Correlation analysis showed that the trait number of pods per plant was significantly associated with grain yield. The G × E was smaller than the genetic variation of grain yield as it portrayed the maximum contribution of genotypic effects (61.07%). GGE biplot showed E3 as a highly discriminating and representative environment. It also identified environment-specific genotypes viz., EC 396111 for E1, EC 396125 for E2 and EC 396101 for E3 environments. The genotypes with minimum genotype stability index (GSI) viz., V2802BG (7), HG 22 (13), and EC 396098 (13) were observed with wide adaptation and high yields across all the three environments. In summary, we identified stable genotypes adapted across environments for grain yield. These genotypes can be used as parent/pre-breeding materials in future mungbean breeding programs.
An experiment was conducted in fifty seven pigeonpea genotypes to study the variability, correlation and path coefficient in pigeonpea at Department of Pulses, Centre for Plant Breeding and Genetics, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore during kharif, 2015. The highest GCV was recorded for number of secondary branches/plant (111.73) followed by number of pods/plant (40.73). Heritability in broad sense ranged from 94.66 (pod size) to 99.93 (number of pods per plant). High genetic advance were observed for number of secondary branches/plant (230.00), number of pods per plant (83.88), single plant yield (80.89) and number of racemes (60.41) indicating the prevalence of additive gene action for inheritance of these traits. Character association studies indicated that number of racemes, number of secondary branches, number of primary branches per plant, clusters per plant, pods per plant, pod length, seeds per pod, and 100 seed weight were strongly associated with seed yield. Path coefficient analysis revealed that days to 50 per cent flowering and number of pods per plant had high positive direct effect on seed yield. Pod size had moderate direct effect on seed yield. Hence due emphasis should be given on number of pods per plant for improvement of seed yield in pigeonpea.
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