The effect of storage on yield and modification of starch using hydrochloric acid and acetic anhydride were studied. Yield of starch from fresh roots (24.4%) was significantly greater than yield (16,2%) from roots stored at room temperature for six days. On a dry weight basis the amount of starch in the roots decreased over a six day storage period. The proximate composition of cassava starch on dry weight basis was 0.24% ash, 0.13% fat, 0.49% protein, 0.15% crude fibre and 98.4% starch. The isolated starch was treated with different concentration of hydrochloric acid to produce acid thinned and dextrinized starches and different concentration of acetic anhydride to produce acetyl substituted starches. The alkali number of acid thinned and dextrinized starches increased with acid treatment while the viscosity decreased. The degree of substitution increased with the concentration of acetic anhydride used. The cold water solubility of the acid thinned and acetyl substituted starches were similar to that of native starches while the solubility of the dextrinized starches increased with the acid concentration. The viscosity of the acetyl substituted starches increased with the degree of substitution.
Six Nigerian corn varieties were assessed for kernel weight and proximate composition. The quality of ogi processed from the corn varieties was evaluated on a Brabender amylograph and an Adams consistometer. While kernel weight of the corn samples varied between 23.1 and 28.58, the yield of ogi ranged from 51-60%, with FARZ 27 and TZSR-W giving the highest yield. TZE-4 recorded the highest amylograph peak viscosity of 615 B.U. while FARZ 27 was the most stable with a value of 115 B.U. with TZESR-W recording the highest value of 980 B.U. for its index of gelatinization. The range of 6-14 obtained for Adams consistometer value suggested its possible use in ogi quality evaluation.
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