Waveless, explosively welded interfaces between aluminum and steel are seen to be devoid of intermetallic formation and maintain integrity with heat exposures of up to 8 h at 550 °C. Microhardness determinations as well as tensile testing of the samples indicate the interface to be a zone of higher hardness than the weaker of the bonded materials (Al-1100) and of extremely high adhesion strength. The hardness profiles taken were utilized to determine the difference in the energy deposited at the wavy and waveless interface as well as the presence of extraneous byproducts of these energies in the respective interfaces. The study conclusively shows the superior characteristics of the waveless interface for this weld and its resistance to intermetallic formation that would lead to the consequential deterioration of the associated adhesion properties of these transition joints.
Ti–6Al–4V sheets were explosively welded to mild steel base plates with an attachment zone that approximates a straight, waveless interface devoid of vorticity and thus the attendant formation of the Fe–Ti intermetallics. The welded interface is seen to be harder than either of the bi-alloys joined and the attachment strength, measured in terms of shear stress required for fracture of the weld zone, is seen to be stronger than the weaker of the materials (mild steel) joined. Stress relief treatments given at 525 °C is seen to induce ductility to the brittle interface without the introduction of recrystallization and/or the formation of Fe–Ti intermetallics at the weld zone. Approximate energy calculations indicate that explosively induced welds that comprise a nearly straight interface make efficient use of the detonation introduced energy, and thus the plastic straining of the alloys adjacent to the weld are minimal as confirmed by the microhardness and tensile test data obtained on the as-welded and stress relieved samples.
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