The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of Grow K Probio (commercial product) supplementation in the rations of growing lambs at different levels on performance, digestion coefficients, nutritive values, nitrogen utilization, daily gain, feed conversion and economic efficiency. Twenty-four Frafra lambs (23.70 + 2.56 Kg body weight) were randomly distributed into four groups, each with six animals. The first group was a control group and animals fed on1 kg concentrate feed mixture (CFM) and 1% Alfalfa hay of live body weight (LBW), while animal in groups T1, T2 and T3 fed the same control diet supplemented with 2.5, 5 and 7.5 g/h/d commercial probiotic (Grow K Probio/h/day), respectively. The feeding trial lasted for 120 days for average daily gain, feed intake and fed conversion ratio measurements. Four digestibility trials were also carried out using twelve local rams randomly assigned into four groups (4 rams/trial) for nutrients digestibility, nutritive values and nitrogen utilization measurements. Results indicated that the digestibility of all nutrients and feeding value of experimental rations containing Grow K Probio increased (P<0.05) with increasing the level of Grow K Probio supplementation as compared to the control ration. Daily dry matter intake expressed as DM and TDN was significantly (P<0.05) higher in lambs fed rations containing different levels of Grow K Probio than those fed control ration. Lambs received 5 g/h/d Grow K Probio recorded highest (P<0.05) average daily weight gain (ADG) than those received other Grow K Probio levels and control ration. The lambs fed different levels of probiotic (Grow K Probio) had (P<0.05) significant effect, on rumen NH3-N and total volatile fatty acids. However, rumen pH not affected. Feed conversion and economic efficiency of lambs fed T2 and T1 were improved when compared with T3 and control groups. It could be concluded that, supplementation of probiotics particularly with the level 5 g /h/d probiotic (Grow K Probio) to growing lambs improve nutrient digestibility, daily gain, feed conversion and economic efficiency as compared with other groups.
This study was carried out to investigate the effect of supplemental macroalgae (Padina baergensenii) and microalgae (spirulina) as feed additives on body performance, some blood plasma constituents of Frafra male lambs. Twenty Frafra male lambs 5-6-month-old and with initial live body weight 22.85 ± 0.15 kg were divided into four groups for 120 days feeding trial. The lambs were randomly divided into four equal groups (5 lambs each). Control group (T1) was fed the basal diet, second group (T2) fed the basal diet supplemented with 0.2% microalgae (T2), fed the basal diet supplemented with 2% macroalgae (T3), while (T4) fed on the basal diet supplemented with 0.1% microalgae + 1% macroalgae dry / head/ day. Lambs were weighed to determine performance of growing lambs and adjusted their feeding requirements. Blood samples were collected before morning feeding. Final body weight, total gain and daily gain increased for T2 in comparison with T1, but this was slightly increased not significant. Feed conversion improved slightly for T2 compared with T1 and other treated groups (T3 and T4). Plasma total protein, globulin, ALT and glucose increased significantly (P<0.05) for T2 compared with other groups. Cholesterol decreased significantly for T4 compared with other groups, whereas there is no significant difference among groups for urea and AST concentration. As well as total revenue of body weight gain and net revenue as well as economic efficiency were significantly higher for lambs fed Spirulina algae rations than those of control ration .
Background: The results of the chemical detection showed that the active groups in the fruit extracts of the tannin plant contained glycosides, saponins, flavonoids, tannins, terpene and phenols. Aim: To evaluate Tannins inhibition activity against Candida albicans. Materials and methods: A number of aqueous, alcoholic and acetone fruit extracts of Tannins were prepared, and their effect on inhibition of Candida albicans was tested. Four concentrations were used [10, 20, 30, 40 (mg / ml)]. Results: The effect of tested extracts on yeast varied in terms of concentration and type of extract. The inhibition diameter was positively correlated to the increase in extract concentration. The results showed that the acetone extract was with a very high effectiveness and demonstrate higher inhibition effect against C. albicans, with an average inhibition diameter of 15.5 and 20 mm at a concentration of 10 and 20 mg / ml, respectively, while it was increased to reach 24.5 and 28 mm at a concentration 30 and 40 mg/ml, respectively. The alcoholic extract came in the second inhibition effect. Conclusion: The acetone extract shows a higher inhibitory activity than alcoholic and aqueous extracts. The interesting finding of this study was the inhibition against C. albicans was exhibited in the first 24 hours, while the nystatin inhibitory effect started in after 48 hours. The inhibition timing was vital as it lead to short course of treatment and less possibility for resistance induction
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