Calotropis gigantea is a plant not widely used but has potential as a medicinal plant. The phytochemical compound can be produced faster using a tissue culture and a combination of growth regulators. The research objectives were to study the effect and determine the best concentration of BAP and 2,4-D in callus induction of Calotropis gigantea. This research was carried out in the Plant Physiology and Biotechnology Laboratory, Faculty of Agriculture, Sebelas Maret University, from September to November 2021. A month-old Calotropis gigantea stem was used as an explant. The research used three replicates of a completely randomized design with 25 combination treatments. The culture medium was MS with BAP (0; 0.5; 1; 1.5; 2 ppm) and 2,4-D (0; 0.5; 1; 1.5; 2 ppm) supplements. Parameters observed in this research were callus formation time, callus colour, and callus texture. The results showed that a combination of BAP 0.5 ppm + 2,4-D 1.5 ppm could induce callus faster than other treatments, 6 days. Callus morphology with green color and compact texture resulted from a combination of BAP 1.5 ppm + 2,4-D 1.5 ppm treatment.
Dendrobium stratiotes is one of orchids that is in demand because its flower diameter is larger than others. But now it is rarely found in nature and least available compared to other orchids. This exacerbated by climate change that supports the scarcity. Therefore, in vitro propagation is one of solution This study aims to evaluate the effect of several types of medium, PGR, and their interaction to in vitro growth. This research was designed in completed randomized design (CRD) with two factors. The first factor is medium type there are VW, ½ MS, Growmore, and AB-MIX. The second factor is the type of PGR there are 0 (without PGR), BAP, IAA, combination of BAP+IAA, BA, NAA, combination of BA+NAA, all with a concentration of 1 ppm. The growth monitoring was conducted for 2 months. The results showed that the use of ABMIX without PGR produce significants effect to plant height, Growmore with NAA produce significants effect to number of roots, ABMIX with BAP+IAA produce significants effect to number of leaves. Medium, PGR, and interaction between the both did not give significant effect on plant weight. The ABMIX without PGR was able to resulted most notable treatment than others.
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