The leak-off of oil-based mud (OBM) into sandstone cores was studied both theoretically and experimentally. Simple models were used to describe the build-up of the external filter cake and the internal filtration of small particles. Then systematic static leak-off experiments were done using an innovative method where CT scans taken at time intervals were used to visualize and accurately quantify infiltration of fluids into sandstone cores. This method allowed the monitoring of the leak-off process in a way that could not be done by the traditional API filter paper press test. The composition of oil based drilling fluids was varied, to investigate the influence of various particles on the leak-off process. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used to characterize the external filter cake and internal filtration. The core flow experiments were matched to the theory for linear static filtration. The results lead to new insights concerning the build of external filter cake and internal filtration. This work creates a basis for future improvement of oil-based mud, by providing a better understanding of mechanisms involved in leak-off process and its control.
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