The aim of this study was to determine the publication rate of scientific papers in peer review journals presented at the Otorhinolarygological Research Society (ORS) meetings from 1978 to 1995 inclusive. The abstracts of the presentations at ORS meetings are published in Clinical Otolaryngology. A MEDLINE search was performed on abstracts presented at ORS meetings from 1978 to 1995 using both authors and key words within the text of the abstract. The publication rate, journal of publication, time to publication, change in contents, change in authors and change in conclusions of abstracts were tabulated. The publication rate for papers presented at ORS meetings from 1978 to 1995 was 69.09%. The average time to publication was 22.5 months. Papers derived from the ORS abstracts were most commonly published in Clinical Otolaryngology (34%) and Journal of Laryngology and Otology (18.64%). The results indicate that nearly 69% of presented material at the biannual ORS meetings eventually get published in peer reviewed journals. This compares favourably with publication rate of other specialities.
The effects of five minutes exposure to camphor, eucalyptus or menthol vapour on nasal resistance to airflow and nasal sensation of airflow were compared with the effects of exercise on the nose. Inhalation of camphor, eucalyptus or menthol had no effect on nasal resistance to airflow but the majority of subjects reported a cold sensation in the nose with the sensation of improved airflow. Exercise caused a decrease in nasal resistance but did not induce any nasal sensation of cold or improved airflow. The results indicate that camphor, eucalyptus and menthol stimulate cold receptors in the nose. The clinical significance of nasal sensation of airflow is discussed.
Siry Genomic instability or microsatellite instability (MI) in simple repeated sequences was initially recognised in colonic carcinomas and subsequently in other tumours. MI has been associated with mutations in genes concerned with replication and DNA repair. We investigated 34 microsatellite markers in squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck (SCCHN). Fifty-six tumours, were studied, of which 25 were investigated with ten or more microsatellite markers. In this study we (Shibata et al., 1994). MI has now been correlated with mutations in the hMSH2, hMLHI, hPMSI and hPMS2 genes which have homology to bacterial and yeast genes participating in mismatch repair (Aaltonen et al., 1993;Bodmer et al., 1994;Nicolaides et al., 1994;Papadopoulos et al., 1994;Shibata et al., 1994
S_mimary Mutation and overexpression are the main activating mechanisms for the ras family of genes in human cancer and the variable tandem repeat (VTR) located at the 3' end of H-ras has been associated with this risk. In the present study, we have analysed the relative levels of expression of H-ras mRNA in 26 samples of squamous cell carcinomas of the head and neck (SCCHN) by competitive reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (competitive RT-PCR) and also investigated whether there is an association between ras expression and alterations in the 3'-VTR region. In addition, we have studied the incidence of point mutations in codon 12 of H-ras, codons 12 and 13 of K-ras and codon 61 of N-ras in 120 SCCHN samples. Our results indicate that only two samples carry mutations, both of which are located in codon 12 of K-ras, but that overexpression of the H-ras proto-oncogene is a frequent event in SCCHN [54% (14/26)] and is associated with a favourable prognosis: 3 of 14 patients with H-ras overexpression have died, whereas 9 of 12 patients with low levels of H-ras expression have died. We have also undertaken an analysis of these results together with our previous investigations on microsatellite instability and loss of heterozygosity in SCCHN, but no associations were found. We therefore conclude that ras mutations are an infrequent event in the progression of the SCCHN in the Western world, whereas overexpression of the H-ras proto-oncogene is a common event.
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