Twenty five tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) genotypes were subjected to genetic diversity analysis using twenty SSR markers. Out of 20 markers used, 14 SSRs were polymorphic and a total numbers of 22 SSR alleles were generated by 14 SSR markers, out of which 19 were polymorphic and 3 were monomorphic, with an average of 1.57 alleles per locus. The range of amplified products was 100-400bp approximately. Jaccard's similarity coefficient varied from 0.65 between germplasm EC519821 and CO-3 to a maximum of 1.0 between genotypes EC519769 and DARL-66, with an average value of 0.83. Cluster analysis based on Jaccard's similarity coefficient using the unweighted pair-group method with arithmetic mean (UPGMA) revealed 2 distinct clusters, A and B, comprising 1 and 24 genotypes respectively and at 75 and 78 per cent similarity, respectively. The genotypes which showed similar morphological and genetic trends were grouped more or less together in both these cases were a few. Cluster A comprised most diverse germplasm (EC519821)belongs to pimpinellifolium wild species with similarity coefficient 0.65% and differentiated with other cultivated species.Cherry Tomato and Cherry-2 were trends in similar cluster similar with approximately 96% similarity.SSR markers were able in in differentiating the genotypes based on morphologically and genotypically.However, the grouping of 25 genotypes were independently of geographic distribution.The genetic distance information found in this study might be helpful to breeder for planning among these genotypes.
Genetic diversity based on the characterization of genetic makeup, using molecular markers is of utmost importance for breeders in crop improvement programme. A total of 26 microsatellite primers were used to determine the genetic diversity among 40 sugarcane genotypes including their parents. The polymerase chain reaction (PCR) products were examined for both size and polymorphism using these primers. Overall alleles are amplified with an average of 2.3 per locus in this study. Of the total 26 simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers, only 10 (38.4%) displayed polymorphism, with polymorphism index contents (PIC) values ranging from 0.15 to 0.67. The observed homozygosity (Ho) and gene diversity (Nei's) for individual loci varied from 0.0000 to 0.277 and 0.129 to 0.473, respectively. Shannon's informative index (I) was found to be highest (0.661) in SKM04 while the lowest was 0.252 in SKM01 SSR loci with an average of 0.524. Fixation index was also calculated which was in the range of-0.074 to 1.00. A genetic relationship among cultivars and parental genotype was also analyzed by cluster analysis using unweighted pair group method with arithmetic mean (UPGMA), the averagelinkage method, with the similarity matrix as input data. The genetic relationship and genetic diversity among the cultivars depicted from this study can be used to select the parents in sugarcane breeding programme.
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