We used conservative isotope tracers (deuterium and oxygen-18) and biologically relevant water quality measurements to assess connectivity of the Atchafalaya River to other waterways in its floodplain during the rising limb, peak, and falling limb of the 2011 flood pulse. We compared isotope tracers and water quality (dissolved oxygen and specific conductance) in biweekly samples at 83 sites in two areas that differed in their connectivity. We also compared tracers to an 8-year dataset of water quality measurements from the same sites. Although tracers clearly described differences in connectivity between the two floodplain areas and were correlated with concurrent measures of water quality, relationships were mediated by a strong temporal component and site-level variation in aquatic vegetation. Our results suggest a delay in floodplain water quality response to water inputs, and a strong influence of aquatic vegetation that locally overwhelms connectivity as a primary driver of local water quality.

On 1 September 2008, Hurricane Gustav passed over the Atchafalaya River Basin (ARB) in south-central Louisiana. Anticipating physicochemical shifts due to concentrated precipitation and wind stress generated by this strong category 2 storm, we deployed a continuous recording multiparameter water quality sonde in a southern ARB bayou 3 days prior to storm arrival to document conditions before, during, and after hurricane landfall. Quarter-hourly physicochemical measurements taken over a 2-week period indicated that dissolved oxygen (DO), pH, and specific conductance all reached annual lows immediately following storm passage. The most pronounced poststorm fluctuation involved DO. Daily mean DO concentration dropped to hypoxic level (DO≤2 mg/L) within 3 days of landfall, followed by near anoxic conditions within 5 days that resulted in extensive system-wide fish kills. Within 6 weeks, however, DO returned to, and pH was near pre-storm levels. To evaluate the impact of Hurricane Gustav on ARB physicochemistry, we contrasted data on DO, pH, temperature, and specific conductance collected from 16 lower ARB sampling sites over a 54-day interval prior to storm landfall with data collected during a 45-day post-storm period. Results indicated that water quality was highly dissimilar (P<0.0001) between the two periods.

We evaluated the relative effectiveness of continuous versus point electrofishing methods for describing fish assemblage metrics in the lower Atchafalaya River Floodway system, Louisiana. Continuous data were collected by boat electrofishing opposing shores of a 100‐m reach for a total of 480 s. Point data were collected in an adjacent 100‐m reach by boat electrofishing for 60 s at four points (240 s total) at 25‐m intervals on alternating shorelines. We tested for significant differences between the methods with a linear model for species richness and CPUE (fish/min) and a generalized linear model for species diversity. We also compared the length frequencies of Largemouth Bass Micropterus salmoides between methods. We found no difference in diversity between methods but significantly higher species richness (mean = 1.46 species) and significantly lower CPUE (mean = −24.63 fish/min) for continuous electrofishing. We found no difference in Largemouth Bass length frequency between methods, but point electrofishing captured more individuals between 300 and 400 mm. Our results indicate that point electrofishing may be an efficient, effective technique for capturing target species and larger individuals that may otherwise avoid capture. When coupled with continuous electrofishing, point electrofishing may bolster assemblage and population size structure data, particularly in shallow, turbid environments. Received July 9, 2014; accepted December 8, 2015 Published online March 31, 2016