The effect of high power microwave (HPM) irradiation on seed germination and seedlings was evaluated. Vegetable seeds were subjected to HPM irradiation. The main focus was on the thermal heating elimination during seeds irradiation. For that reason short high frequency microwave pulses were used. The study object was seeds of different harvest years (2000, 2003 and 2008) of radish (Raphanus sativus L.) variety 'Babtų žara', tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) variety 'Viltis', carrot (Daucus sativus Rohl.) variety 'Vaiguva' and tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) variety 'Red Cherry' (seeds harvested in 1980). In the first experiment, all seeds were exposed to microwaves at 9.3 GHz frequency for 10 min. In the second experiment, carrots 'Vaiguva' seeds (11 years-old) were exposed to microwaves at 9.3 GHz frequency for 5 and 20 min and exposed to 2.6 and 5.7 GHz microwaves for 10 min. To establish microwave effect on seedling growth rate, tomato, carrot and radish seeds harvested in 2008 were exposed to microwaves at 9.3 GHz frequency for 10 min. It was established that 11 year-old radish seeds exposed to 9.3 GHz microwaves had higher germination as compared with non-irradiated seeds. HPM increased radish germination energy by 6% in seeds harvested in 2003. HPM exposure significantly increased the germination energy and germination of 8 year-old carrot seeds. The highest carrot seed germination was established at 9.3 GHz microwave frequency under 5 min exposure. Seed exposure to HPM (9.3 GHz) had a significant positive effect on dry weight of tomato seedling shoots and on tomato and radish seedling height, but it had negative influence on carrot seedling height. Seed irradiation with HPM (9.3 GHz) had a significant positive effect on the amount of chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, chlorophylls a + b and carotenoids in tomato seedlings' fresh mass, but the opposite effect was determined in carrot seedlings' fresh mass.
Tomato and tomato based products are an important agricultural production worldwide. More than 80 % of grown tomatoes in the worldwide are processing in the products such as tomato juice, paste, puree, catsup, sauce, and salsa. Tomato fruit is rich in phytochemicals and vitamins. Tomato nutritional value, color, fruit and flavor of their products depends mainly on lycopene, β-carotene, ascorbic acid and sugars and their ratio in fruits. Epidemiological studies and the results associated with the consumption of tomato products against the prevention of chronic diseases such as cancer and cardiovascular disease, confirming the tomato products as a functional food, and show that lycopene and β-carotene acts as an antioxidant. In order to increase the amount of these elements in tomato fruit, it is important to evaluate and investigate tomato genotypes influence to the carotenoids accumulation. Studies have confirmed that the carotenoid content in tomato fruits is determined by genotypic characteristics. In this work the main attention will be focused on from the biochemical and physical properties in tomato of different varieties, chemical and physical properties, to functional properties of supercritical fluid extraction of lycopene from tomato processing by products supercritical fluid tomato extracts.
Karklelienė R., Dambrauskienė E., Juškevičienė D., Radzevičius A., Rubinskienė M., Viškelis P., 2014. Productivity and nutritional value of dill and parsley. Hort. Sci. (Prague), 41: 131-137.Investigations of productivity and biochemical value of dill cvs Moravan, Szmaragd, Common, Mammoth and parsley cvs Moss Curled, Astra, Festival, Gigant d'Italia were estimated. Dill cv. Common was the highest, 62.3 cm, and the most productive, up to 29.1 t/ha. The analyses of biochemical compounds showed that cv. Szmaragd accumulated significantly highest amount of the dry matter (14.7%) and total sugar (3.07%). Dill cvs Moravan and Common were close as to the ability for chlorophyll accumulation (2.04-2.02 mg/g). The highest amount of essential oils was estimated in the cvs Szmaragd and Mammoth, 0.17 and 0.18%, respectively. Investigations of parsley showed that even-leaved parsley cv. Gigant d'Italia formed rosette with higher leaf up to 56.7 cm, whereas cv. Festival was the most productive -36.0 t/ha. Parsley cv. Moss Curled accumulated the highest amount of dry matter (19.4%) and ascorbic acid (162.8 mg/100 g). Cv. Astra accumulated the highest amount of essential oils (0.10%) and chlorophyll (1.44 mg/g).
Productivity and Root-Crop Quality of Lithuanian Carrot (Daucus Sativus Röhl.) Breeder Lines The investigation was carried out at the Lithuanian Institute of Horticulture in 2004-2006. Nine promising Lithuanian breeder lines of carrots: 2030, 2046, 2049, 2056, 2065, 2075, 2084, 2091, 2095, and hybrid Svalia F1were included in our experiment. The following sets of parameters were estimated: plant phenology, morphology (length, diameter and mass of root), yield and biochemical composition (carotene, dry soluble matter, total sugar, nitrates). Carrots were cultivated in sandy or sandy-loam Calc (ar)i - Epihypogleyc Luvisols (LVg-p-w-cc), on a profiled surface in four replications. Multiyear results show that carrot root-crop quality depends not only on genotype but also on soil type and growing conditions. In Lithuania the most popular hybrid root-crops have the same shape, about 18-25 cm length and 3.6-3.9 cm diameter. Thus, for our experiment we chose breeder lines meeting to these popular standards. Breeder lines 2030 and 2075 had the best root shape: root length 18.0-21.0 cm and diameter 3.7-3.9 cm. During three years of observation, we found that breeder line 2056 carrots were large (root mass 172.7 g). Yield analysis showed that the highest total and marketable yield was achieved by breeder line 2030 and Svalia' F1. Carrot breeds 2030, 2091 and Svalia' F1had the best biochemical composition.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
hi@scite.ai
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.