Self-similar plasma expansion approach is used to solve a plasma model based on the losing phenomenon of Titan atmospheric composition. To this purpose, a set of hydrodynamic fluid equations describing a plasma consisting of two positive ions with different masses and isothermal electrons is used. With the aid of self-similar transformation, numerical solution of the fluid equations has been performed to examine the density, velocity, and potential profiles. The effects of different plasma parameters, i.e., density and temperature ratios, are studied on the expanding plasma profiles. The present investigation could be useful to recognize the ionized particles escaping from Titan atmosphere.
Total joint replacement has become a widely accepted treatment for many destructive joint diseases including osteoarthritis and severe pathologic fractures. Of total joint replacements, the hip is one of the most commonly replaced joints. Hip stem design varies from long to short, thick to thin and matt to smooth. In this study the effect of hip stem length on bone remodeling after surgery which knows as stress-shielding effect was analyzed using a finite element technique. Results show that stress-shielding introduced when using long-stem hip is extended that that of using short-stem hip in a total hip replacement.
Methods to predict contact stresses in femoral prostheses can provide an improved understanding of load distribution. The objectives of this study is to apply advanced computer aided engineering techniques (CAE) for predicting stress transfer to femur after implantation of standard and short femoral stems (Proxima stem). A perspective threedimensional geometry model for the femoral bone using subject-specific geometry from Xray computed tomography image data (CTI) is used to create 3D CAD model. Forces acting on the femur in different gait regimes were reviewed and compared while loaded with standard and then with Proxima stem. And finally a developed finite element analysis model based on the created CAD model with forces acting on both femurs loaded with standard and Proxima stem is analyzed.
Total joint replacement has become a widely accepted treatment for many destructive joint diseases including osteoarthritis and severe pathologic fractures. Of total joint replacements, the hip is one of the most commonly replaced joints. Hip stem design varies from long to short, thick to thin and matt to smooth. In this study the effect of hip stem length on bone remodeling after surgery which is known as stress-shielding effect was analyzed using a finite element technique. Results show that stress-shielding introduced when using long-stem hip is much more than that of using short-stem hip in a total hip replacement for cementless implant.
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