Indonesia as a tropical country has high solar energy potential to generate power. Solar power plant (SPP) using Photovoltaic (PV) is suitable for power generation in a small power system, such as in several small islands in Eastern Indonesia since solar energy is easy to obtain there. The implementation of SPP for power generation needs an examination of energy yield to observe the performance ratio of SPP. Those parameters are important to study to further analyze the economic potential and feasibility of SPP development. This study estimates the performance ratio (PR) and potential energy yield of SPP in a small island in Eastern Indonesia through a self-developed program using MATLAB based Graphical User Interface (GUI). Moreover, this program also provides the levelized cost of energy (LCOE) calculation and land use optimization by readjusting the PV array configuration. According to the simulation result, the implementation of SPP in Eastern Indonesia has 85.4% and 23.54% for annual PR and capacity factor (CF) respectively. The simulation also shows that the optimum distance between PV strings produces higher annual energy yield and CF.
It is known that the availability of electrical energy will boost economic growth and also industrial growth. However, because the geographical location of the remote area is relatively isolated, the community’s energy demand in the area cannot be fulfilled. Until now, the majority of operated power plants are diesel generator by using fossil fuels. Hence, the addition of renewable energy sources (RESs), especially solar energy (PV) and Battery Energy Storage System (BESS) become a choice to reduce the use of fossil fuels. This study discusses the sizing of BESS and PV to obtain an optimized configuration that maximizes the penetration of RESs and minimizes the utilization of diesel generator. The method of this study will be done by using data from the remote area with simulation and computation using HOMER that can get the best configuration of the system. Thus, the results of this study can be implemented in those areas either at the present or in the future.
Diesel power plants are still the main choice for supplying isolated grids in Indonesia. Although this kind of power plant is easy to install, it has a high cost of energy (COE) mainly due to the cost of diesel fuel. Besides, Indonesia as a tropical country has a high intensity of solar radiation. Moreover, the investment cost of PV power plant is getting lower and it does not require high operation cost. Thus, the implementation of PV power plant is considered promising in Indonesia, and the idea of combining diesel power plants with PV in isolated grids arises to increase the efficiency of the COE. Apart from the economical aspect, the technical aspect of a hybrid diesel-PV power system implementation needs to be studied as well. In this study, the impact of the PV power plant interconnection to the existing grid is analysed in terms of the power flow and the transient stability using the DIgSILENT PowerFactory software. Furthermore, a load-sharing scheme is applied to some diesel generator units. According to the simulation result, the hybrid power system operated within the allowable voltage limits. After some transient events occurred, the hybrid power system was able to maintain its stability.
Generally, remote areas in Indonesia apply diesel power plants to provide electricity due to the high cost of grid extensions. The concern of the use of standalone diesel generators is fluctuations in the price of fuel oil, as well as gas emissions resulting from the remnants of combustion. To reduce the use of fossil fuels, it is necessary to use renewable energy which has the potential to be configured hybrid with a diesel generator. This study will discuss the techno and economic analysis of two different hybrid system configurations using the HOMER software. Those hybrid systems are consisting of diesel-PV-battery system and diesel-PV-wind turbine -battery system. There is a reduction in the cost of energy (COE) as the proposed hybrid system is compared with the existing diesel generator system. The COE of the existing system is $ 0.1968 I kWh, whereas the proposed hybrid diesel-PV-battery system and the hybrid diesel-PV-wind turbine-battery system are $ 0.1554 I kWh and $ 0.1555 I kWh, respectively. These optimized results show a reduction in fuel consumption for both hybrid systems configuration by 53.83% and 53.58% when compared to the existing standalone diesel generators. Thus, both hybrid systems have a lower Net Present Cost value of 21.04% and 20.99% when compared to the current standalone diesel generator system. On the other hand, CO2 emissions generated by the two-hybrid system configurations have decreased compared to standalone diesel generators, which were 53.83% and 53.57%, accordingly.
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