In this article, we describe a simple and facile approach
for the
production of 125I from the neutron-irradiated natural
Xe using wet chemical distillation. First, we outline the design of
the irradiation container, its fabrication, cryogenic loading of the
gaseous Xe target into the irradiation container, and hermetic sealing
of the irradiation container. Quality-assurance tests of the irradiation
containers were performed to ensure their safety during neutron irradiation.
In light of the implicit need to obtain 125I activity with
minimum126I radionuclidic contamination, the irradiation
time, neutron flux, and target cooling time were judiciously optimized.
A thorough optimization of experimental parameters of distillation
was carried out to obtain the optimal yield of 125I having
the desired purity. In each batch, typically 4 g of natural xenon
gas was irradiated in the BARC Dhruva reactor for 15 days with a thermal
neutron flux of approximately 5 × 1013 cm–2 s–1. After irradiation, the targets were left
to decay for typically ∼50 days to reduce the 126I contamination. Several batches of 125I were successfully
produced using the developed procedure at a level of ∼18.5
GBq (500 mCi) 125I per batch. The 125I quality
in terms of radionuclidic purity, radiochemical purity, and radioactive
concentration was evaluated and found to be acceptable for radiolabeling
studies. This reported method currently has been adapted for the routine
production of 125I to meet local needs.
J53Sm (specific activity 3.7 to 5.55GBq/mg) was produced by irradiating natural Sm203 at a flux of 2.2-10~3n.cm-2-s-l. Ethylenediaminetetramethylenephosphonate (EDTMP) was synthesised according to a reported method. Complexation was carried out by varying experimental parameters such as mole ratios of metal to ligand, pH, time and temperature of reaction to obtain quantitative yields. The radiochemical purity of the complex was assessed by various analytical techniques including HPLC. In vitro ligand exchange studies were undertaken to ensure suitability of the product for therapy. Biodistribution studies were carried out in Wistar rats and adequate bone uptake, retention and rapid clearance from blood stream were observed.
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