Male Wistar rats were divided into four equal groups: (i) controls, (ii) animals exposed to organic solvents, (iii) animals exposed to organic solvents and receiving pollen extracts, (iv) rats given pollen extracts. The experiment lasted 3 months. The protective effect of pollen extracts against changes evoked by organic solvents was demonstrated. Pollen extracts inhibited or counteracted the elevation of aminotransferases and alkaline phosphatase activity and lipid and carbohydrate metabolism disturbances in the liver. The ascorbate system was improved. It is concluded, that pollen extracts are able to protect the liver against changes evoked by environmental influences.
This paper describes how in measuring electrokinetic phenomena, timedependent signals can be processed by taking account of concentration polarization a t the plug-solution interface (negative adsorption) and a t the current-processing electrodes, and intrinsic polarization processes related to the curved geometry of the particles constituting the system. The approach, including the use of a four-electrode technique, not only serves t o properly establish the relevant electrokinetic parameters, but also provides additional information (e.g. on transport numbers). The theories have experimentally been tested with plugs of monodisperse polystyrene particles.
Der Einflup verschiedener Polarisationsarten auf experimentelle Messungen der elektrokinelischen Eigenschaften poriiser Systeme. .4nwendung auf PolystyrenpfropfenEs wird beschrieben, wie bei der Messung elektrokinetischer Erscheinungen zeitabhangige Signale verarbeitet werden konnen mit Beriicksichtigung der Konzentrationspolarisation an der Grenzflache Pfropfen-Losung (negative Adsorption) und an den stromerzeugenden Elektroden sowie der inneren Polarisation, die mit der gekriimmten Geometrie der das System bildenden Teilchen zusammenhangt. Die Naherung, einschlierjlich der Anwendung einer Vierelektroden-Methode, errnoglicht nicht nur die Bestimmung relevanter elektrokinetischer Parameter, sondern liefert auch zusatzliche Informationen (z. B. zur Transportzahl). Die Theorien wurden mit Pfropfen aus monodispersen Polystyrenteilchen experimentell gepriift.
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