The design and operating characteristics of relativistic, electron beam magnetrons are described. The magnetrons are comprised of a pulsed field-emission cathode (-360kV, ~15kA, -30nsec) and several coupled resonators embedded in the anode block. The tubes are designed to work at fixed frequency, in range from 2.3 to 5GHz. The peak powers generated are typically 500 to 1000MW.
The temporal evolution of the current, voltage, and rf fields in magnetron-type devices has been simulated numerically by a two-dimensional, electromagnetic, fully relativistic particle-in-cell code. The simulation allows for the complete geometry of the anode vane structure, space-charge-limited cathode emission, and the external power source. The code has been applied to magnetrons operating in the relativistic energy regime.
We report microwave emission measurements from an inverted relativistic magnetron comprising an outer cylindrical field emission cathode and an inner coaxial anode with embedded vane resonators. The magnetron operates in the w mode at a frequency of %3.6GHz, and voltages of 1-2MV. The RF power is %500MW.
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