Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) is a glycoprotein important as a tumor, marker for colonic cancer.Immunological and biochemical studies have shown it to be closely related to a number of other glycoproteins, which together make up a gene family. We have cloned a member of this gene family by using long oligonucleotide probes (42-54 nucleotides) based on our protein sequence data for CEA and NCA (nonspecific cross-reacting antigen) and on human codon usage. The clone obtained (X39.2) hybridizes with six probes and has a 15-kilobase insert. The 5' end of the gene is contained within a 2700-base-pair EcoRI fragment, which hybridizes with five of the six synthetic probes. Sequencing of the 5' end region revealed the location and structure of one exon and two putative intron boundaries. The exon encodes part of the leader sequence and the NH2-terminal 107 amino acids of NCA. Southern blot analysis of human normal and tumor DNA, using as probes two X39.2 fragments that contain coding sequences, suggests the existence of 9-11 genes for the CEA family. One of the restriction fragments described here has been used by
A 55 kDa nuclear localization signal binding protein (p55) is involved in the transport of the goat uterine estrogen receptor from the cytoplasm to the nuclear pore complex (NPC). p55 forms a complex with a 12 kDa protein (p12) which in turn becomes 'docked' at the NPC. The present study reports on the purification and functional characterization of p12. Both p55 and p12 are Mg2+-dependent ATPases. The protein-protein interactions that take place between these two molecules at the NPC cause an enhancement in the net ATPase activity associated with the protein complex. Presumably, this enhanced ATPase function helps in the final nuclear entry of the estrogen receptor; p55 remains associated with p12 at the nuclear entry site under these conditions.
The genetic control of dwarfism was studied in the mutants induced by the chemical mutagen ethyl methanesultanate in a tall indica rice (Oryza sativa L.) cultivar, ‘Tellakathera’. The five dwarfs were, dwarf‐6(d0), dwarf‐ 7(d7), dwarf‐8(d8), dwarf‐9(d9), and dwarf‐10(d10). In crosses of the dwarfs with the tall parent, F1 plants were tall and the F2 plants segregated three tall to one dwarf, suggesting that each of these dwarfs is controlled by a single recessive gene. Crosses among the dwarfs produced tall F1, plants and a dihybrid segregation pattern of nine tall to seven dwarf plants in F2, indicating these five dwarfing gene loci were nonallelic to each other.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.