The yield stress and the ductility are very important mechanical quantities for materials selection. The paper deals with the question: how far is it possible to increase the yield stress without a significant loss of ductility by optimizing the final heat treatment in the elaboration stage. Commercially pure titanium sheets are subjected to different thermo-mechanical treatments to produce seven metallurgical states. The textures and the microstructures of the samples are studied by Electron Back Scattering Diffraction measurements, the mechanical behavior by tensile testing along the previous rolling, and the transverse directions of the sheet. The obtained microstructures display different grain sizes and varying fractions of recrystallized grains, together with slightly dissimilar textures. The yield stress increases with the decreasing grain size and obeys the classical Hall-Petch law. The grain size reduction results in a small decrease of ductility for extension along the rolling direction when the recrystallized volume fraction is higher than 80%. For extension along the transverse direction, however, the homogeneous deformation strongly decreases as soon as the material contains a small fraction of non-recrystallized grains. A good compromise between high yield stress and ductility is identified in a metallurgical state close to the end of primary recrystallization. This material state insures a relatively small grain size with all grains being in a recrystallized state.
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