Lumefantrine and trimethoprim are antimalarial and antibiotic drugs respectively. Even though, therapeutic agents have shown enhanced efficacy upon coordination to metal ion, antimalarial activity of lumefantrine-trimethoprim-copper complex drug has not been reported. This study evaluated the anti-malarial potency and safety of synthesized lumefantrinetrimethoprim-copper (LTC) complex in mice. A total of 35 albino mice were randomly divided into seven groups. Mice in groups 1 and 7 were not infected with Plasmodium berghei. Infected mice in groups 3, 4, 5, and 6 were treated with chloroquine, LTC, trimethoprim and lumefantrine respectively. All the animals were sacrificed 24 hours after completion of their doses. Percentage parasitaemia, chemo suppression attained in the group of mice infected, but treated with LTC (96.84%) or chloroquine (97.80%) was higher than those treated with lumefantrine (75.79%) or trimethoprim (76.84%) at day 8 post-inoculation, when compared with control. There was significant reduction in the activities of ALP, ALT and AST in the liver of treated mice when compared with control. Increased chromosomal aberration was observed in all treated groups when compared with control.The observed modifications in the biochemical indices and the presence of chromosomal aberrations in the organs studied, suggested a selective and functional toxicity of the drug.
The stem barks of Securidaca longepedunculata are used traditionally across Africa for the treatment of diabetes, cancer, metabolic diseases and asthma. This study was aimed at investigating the potential enzyme activities of the S. longepedunculata on the small intestine. Aqueous extracts of S. longepedunculata were tested in vivo on animal models: A total of 12 Wister rats were assigned into four (I-IV) groups of three animals each. Group I served as the control and was administered 0.5mL of distilled water. Groups II-IV were given 0.5, 1 and 2mg/kg body weight of S. longepedunculata stem bark extracts. The activities of the following enzymes, Alanine transaminase (ALT), Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), Alkaline phosphatase (ALP), Aspartate transaminase (AST), were assayed in the small intestine. The result revealed a significant reduction in ALP and LDH. This gives an indication that the administration of aqueous extract of securidaca longepedunculata can elicit detrimental effect in the small intestine of the albino rat. Also the result obtained in the qualitative analysis shows the presence of phytochemicals such as: saponin, flavonoid and terpernoid.
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