Back pain is (BP) is recognized as an important problem in pregnancy.
Introduction:Although the need for on-site physicians at mass gatherings has been investigated in developed countries, it has not been studied in a developing country, where resources are limited, paramedical services are unavailable, and transportation and other facilities are inadequate.Hypothesis:The presence of on-site physicians would result in the effective management and prehospital care of casualties at mass gatherings or major sporting events in a developing country.Methods:A retrospective review of the planning procedures and medical records of the 19th Nigerian University games was conducted. Data from demographic profiles of visitors presenting to the on-site, secondary, and tertiary medical centers and the treatments used were extracted from log-books and processed and interpreted.Results:The Games hosted 6,000 accredited athletes and officials, and an estimated 80,000 spectators. Medical coverage was provided by 54 doctors and other healthcare staff at on-site, secondary, and tertiary medical centers. No trained paramedics were available. A total of 494 visits were made to the medical centers (medical usage rate of 2.1/1,000, patient presentation rate of 0.08). Forty-six percent of the visitors were evaluated by a physician on-site. Ninety percent of the visits were managed on-site, while 5% and 3% were referred to secondary and tertiary medical centers, respectively.Conclusion:The presence of on-site physicians at a major sporting event resulted in the majority of injuries and complaints being effectively treated on-scene. This reduced the number of hospital referrals and saved time and money for treatment.
Background and Objective: Metabolic syndrome (MS) is an entity with clustering of cardiovascular risk factors and is associated with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM). Low level cardiovascular fitness is also associated with risk of T2DM. An association between Pulse Index (PI) and MS requires further description. This study sought to determine the association between PI and components of MS. Methods: Seventy-seven participants/subjects aged 48.6±6.52 years with T2DM were enrolled into the study at Aminu-Kano Teaching Hospital, Kano, Nigeria. PI and components of MS including Fasting Blood Glucose (FBG), Glycosylated Haemoglobin (HBAlc), High-Density Lipoprotein (HDL-CHOL), Triglycerides (TRIG.), Blood Pressure (BP) and obesity were assessed before and after twelve-week therapeutic exercises. Results: Inverse correlations were obtained for PI and each ofFBG (r=-0.45), HBAlc (r=-0.52), TRIG (r=-0.26), BP(r=-0.43/-0.32), Waist Circumference (r=-0.53), BMI (r=-0.79), blood pressure (r=-0.43/-0.32) except HDL-CHOL (r= 0.67), (P< 0.05 for all the subjects/participants). Conclusions: Low-levels of PI were associated with poor glycaemia, hypertension, obesity and dyslipidaemia. Therapeutic exercises aimed at improving cardiovascular fitness may have significant improvement on MS. which in turn aids the prevention of both T2DM and cardiovascular diseases. Keywords: Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, Cardiovascular fitness, aerobic exercises, Pulse Index'
Background: The comparative efficacy of open and closed kinetic chain exercises (OKCE and CKCE) on the symptoms of osteoarthritis (OA) has not been exhaustively studied. To evaluate and compare the effectiveness of eight-week open OKCE and CKCE on pain, function and range of motion of patients with knee OA. Material and methods:A quasi-experimental study involved twenty-nine consecutive patients with knee OA allocated to either OKCE or CKCE groups. Participants' pain intensity (PI), functional score (FS), active range of motion AROM) and knee passive range of motion (PROM) were assessed using the visual analogue scale, the functional index questionnaire and a half-circle universal goniometer respectively at baseline and at the end of weeks 4 and 8. Results:The groups were not significantly different (p > 0.05) on any of the four outcomes at any time point of the study (PI: 0.825; FS: 0.480; AROM: 0.363; PROM: 0.662). There was a significant time effect for all measures as pain intensity (p < 0.001) significantly decreased while FS, AROM and PROM significantly increased (p ≤ 0.001, 0.002, 0.007, respectively) overtime from baseline to the 8th week (p < 0.05). Group by time interaction was not significant (p > 0.05) for all four measures. Conclusions: Both exercise regimens have comparable effects on pain, function and knee range of motion.
BackgroundHormonal changes during menopause have been attributed to hypertension-a common public health concern. This study investigated physical activity (PA) and pattern of blood pressure (BP) in postmenopausal women newly diagnosed with hypertension and referred for treatment at the medicine outpatient clinic of a tertiary health facility in Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria. It compared BP pattern and adiposity variables [body mass index (BMI) and waist-hip ratio (WHR)] between two PA groups.MethodsPurposive sampling technique was used to recruit 220 participants in this cross-sectional survey after obtaining their informed consent. International Physical Activity Questionnaire was used to assess PA level, while a 16-item questionnaire was used to assess socio-demographic and clinical profiles of the women. BP, BMI and WHR were assessed using standard measurement procedures. Descriptive statistics of mean ± standard deviation were used for data summarization and independent t-test was used to compare variables between low level and moderate to vigorous level PA groups.ResultsParticipants' mean values include: age 61.6 ± 8.5 years, years since menopause 12.75± 8.15, BMI 28.63±4.99kg/m2, WHR 1.11±0.08, SBP and DBP 145.9±17.9; 93.7±11.4 mmHg respectively. Mean values of SBP, DBP, BMI and WHR were higher among participants with low PA compared to those with moderate to vigorous even though the difference was not statistically significant (P>0.05).ConclusionInvolvement in moderate to vigorous physical activities among menopausal women in Nigeria should be encouraged. This may reduce hypertension and adiposity with a possible control of cardiovascular disease risk.
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