The effect of isopropyl alcohol on the surface-active characteristics of SAFOL 23 nonionic surfactants was explored. The surface tension isotherms of an aqueous surfactant solution and its water-alcohol compositions were obtained. Based on a series of tension isotherms of a number of surfactant – alcohol – water systems, the compositions of mixed micelles and the values of the surfactant interaction factor in the micelle were calculated. The dependence of the surface activity of a water-alcohol composition on its composition was found and studied. The dependence of surface activity on the ratio of surfactant has the following form: alcohol is not monotonic and passes through a maximum, which is associated with a change in the function of alcohol with an increase in its content and a transition from co-surfactant to co-solvent. A feature of the adsorption process of surfactant – alcohol systems on highly dispersed PTFE was studied, namely, the free surface energy of the polymer was calculated, and isotherms of the contact angle were constructed. The cloud point of the systems was calculated and the characteristic of the hydrophilic-lipophilic balance was found. The introduction of alcohol changes the hydrophilic-lipophilic balance of SAFOL 23, which allows it to be used as a solubilizer, emulsifier.
The effect of isobutyl and isoamyl alcohols on the surface-active characteristics of SAFOL 23 nonionic sur-factant was studied. The surface tension isotherms (STI) of an aqueous solution of surfactant and its water-alcohol compositions are obtained. The structure of mixed micelles and the values of the surfactant interac-tion factor in the micelle, based on the STIs of SAFOL 23 – alcohol – water systems, were calculated. The dependence of surface activity on the SAFOL 23: alcohol ratio passes through a maximum, which is associat-ed with the transition of alcohol from co-surfactant to co-solvent due to the increase in its quantity. The wet-ting process of high dispersed polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) by SAFOL 23 – alcohol – water compositions was studied, contact angle isotherms were constructed. The PTFE surface was hydrophilized by compositions at ratios which comply with surface activity maximum. SAFOL 23 is more adsorbed on the surface of the sol-id phase than on the liquid-gas interface. The appending of alcohol into an aqueous solution of surfactant changes the ratio between hydrophilic and lipophilic groups of the composition, which affects cloud point. It significantly expands the range of application of surfactants and allows the use of SAFOL 23 as a solubilizer, emulsifier and wetting agent.
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