A method for the formation of metal nanoparticles in a localized volume with a high energy density due to the flow of a pulsed electric discharge and the cavitation effect was studied. The mechanism of the formation of energy inhomogeneities providing for the generation of nanoparticles with a high specific energy intensity was considered. Dynamic heterogeneity forms in three stages. There is a breakdown of the inter-electrode gap and the formation of a vacuum volume filled with a vapor-gas medium. When the pressure inside the bubble increases, a pulsed gas discharge is ignited, thus generating metal nanoparticles. This leads to the formation of a localized volume in which the discharge energy reaches values of up to 106 K. The increase in energy in the bubble leads to its collapse, after which the metal nanoparticles pass from the high-energy (106) medium into water at room temperature, resulting in their hardening. Highly pure nanoparticles of various metals 5–15 nm in size are obtained; these can be grown on a single-crystal silicon surface at room temperature and positioned on the surface of porous materials and products of complex configuration.
The article discusses specific energy of universal electrode materials based on Busofit for ultra-high-volume capacitor systems and hybrid ultra-high-volume capacitor systems based on LiCoO2 and MnO2, which can be used in as sources of pulsed power in satellite solar panel deployment systems and emergency door opening systems and emergency platforms in airliners, including the Airbus 380 jumbo jet. The electroimpulse metallization of electrode materials and dependence of specific energy on weight of LiCoO2 and MnO2 was described. It was shown that hybrid ultra-high-volume capacitor systems increase its energy intensity up to 5,5 times compared with UCS.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.