Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is a viral infection caused by SARS-CoV-2. The modalities such as computed tomography (CT) have been successfully utilized for the early stage diagnosis of COVID-19 infected patients. Recently, many researchers have utilized deep learning models for the automated screening of COVID-19 suspected cases. An ensemble deep learning and Internet of Things (IoT) based framework is proposed for screening of COVID-19 suspected cases. Three well-known pretrained deep learning models are ensembled. The medical IoT devices are utilized to collect the CT scans, and automated diagnoses are performed on IoT servers. The proposed framework is compared with thirteen competitive models over a four-class dataset. Experimental results reveal that the proposed ensembled deep learning model yielded 98.98% accuracy. Moreover, the model outperforms all competitive models in terms of other performance metrics achieving 98.56% precision, 98.58% recall, 98.75% F-score, and 98.57% AUC. Therefore, the proposed framework can improve the acceleration of COVID-19 diagnosis.
An ECG is a diagnostic technique that examines and records the heart’s electrical impulses. It is easy to categorise and prevent computational abstractions in the ECG signal using the conventional method for obtaining ECG features. It is a significant issue, but it is also a difficult and time-consuming chore for cardiologists and medical professionals. The proposed classifier eliminates all of the following limitations. Machine learning in healthcare equipment reduces moral transgressions. This study’s primary purpose is to calculate the R-R interval and analyze the blockage utilising simple algorithms and approaches that give high accuracy. The MIT-BIH dataset may be used to rebuild the data. The acquired data may include both normal and abnormal ECGs. A Gabor filter is employed to generate a noiseless signal, and DCT-DOST is used to calculate the signal’s amplitude. The amplitude is computed to detect any cardiac anomalies. A genetic algorithm derives the main highlights from the R peak and cycle segment length underlying the ECG signal. So, combining data with specific qualities maximises identification. The genetic algorithm aids in hereditary computations, which aids in multitarget improvement. Finally, Radial Basis Function Neural Network (RBFNN) is presented as an example. An efficient feedforward neural network lowers the number of local minima in the signal. It shows progress in identifying both normal and abnormal ECG signals.
Deep Learning and Machine Learning are becoming more and more popular as their algorithms get progressively better, and their use is expected to have the large effect on improving the health care system. Also, the pandemic was a chance to show how adding AI to healthcare infrastructure could help, since infrastructures around the world are overworked and falling apart. These new technologies can be used to fight COVID-19 because they are flexible and can be changed. Based on these facts, we looked at how the ML and DL-based models can be used to deal with the COVID-19 pandemic problem and what the pros and cons of each are. This paper gives a full look at the different ways to find COVID-19. We looked at the COVID-19 issues in a systematic way and then rated the methods and techniques for finding it based on their availability, ease of use, accuracy, and cost. We have also shown in pictures how well each of the detection techniques works. We did a comparison of different detection models based on the above factors. This helps researchers understand the different methods and the pros and cons of using them as the basis for their research. In the last part, we talk about the open challenges and research questions that come with putting these techniques together with other detection methods.
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