Road trains (RT) are the main transport in agriculture. However, their accident rate is quite high. In the vehicles movement research their design characteristics and operating modes are mainly improved. The main way to reduce the accident rate remains the speed limit. The authors proposed methods (confirmed by the issued patents) for ensuring the stability of the RT movement by changing the design of trailer devices. The purpose of this work is to form a mathematical model for assessing the stability of the RT movement in the presence of side effects (modeling of sharp turns, impacts). Methods of analysis and synthesis, mathematical analysis, and vector geometry were applied. The process of RT yawing on the highway is split into a number of stages, for which the laws of changing its geometry and kinematics are formulated. Side effect leads to increase in the RT impulse (lateral oscillations increase the speed), or to a violation of stability (the movement amplitude goes beyond the highway or tipping). This model can be used to analyze the stability of the RT movement and evaluate methods to influence it in order to reduce the probability of accidents.
The work is one of the stages of solving the problem of determining the stress state for a compressible mass weakened by cavities. In the problem statement, there is no pressure inside the cavity, and mutually perpendicular forces are applied at infinity. The problem is solved by the small parameter method, in a spherical coordinate system, in dimensionless length units. The previously found values are taken as the known stress components in the zero approximation in the elastic area and as the perturbed stress components in the plastic area. Using the conjugation of stresses at the boundary of elasto-plastic zone, the stress components for the elastic area are determined in the first approximation. The obtained results can be used in the field of mining, construction mechanics and other related fields.
The limiting state of prismatic rods made of anisotropic material under torsion under the condition of translational plasticity is investigated. The rod of heterogeneous material is represented by a composite rod, when different plasticity conditions are true in different parts of the rod. Basic relations are determined by the method of characteristics. A field of characteristics of the basic relations for anisotropic and composite rods is constructed under the condition of translational plasticity, relations are obtained by characteristics, a tension break lines are found.
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