Problem statement: Continuous global environmental crisis and degradation has been a challenge for the sustainability of living on earth. This threat was posed by industrialization, high products need, urbanization and population growth activities. As a result, the hazardous waste generation has tremendously increased. Approach: Landfill was one of the positive approaches to handle hazardous waste generated in great quantity. The appropriate selection of landfill site played a major role to remediate the hazardous waste materials. Attributes to be considered for decision-making were selected based on literature, observations with weightage assigned to each attribute following the pair wise comparison method and sensitivity index on a scale of 0 to 1 based on attribute measurement. The attributes were then grouped and ranked following Delphi approach. Results: In environmental assessment, field based study of three landfill sites such as Melakottaiyur, Pachaiyankuppam and Gummidipoondi in Tamil Nadu, India were selected and the sites scored a Risk Index (RI) of 298.75, 369.05 and 408.25 respectively. In economical assessment, economic viability related attributes were analyzed and the three landfill site such as Pachaiyankuppam, Melakottaiyur and Gummidipoondi scored a RI of 86.1, 94.3 and 131.5 respectively. Conclusion/Recommendations: In environmental assessment the landfill sites were shortlisted. In order to achieve economic sustainability of the landfill, economic viability related attributes has to be analyzed with high priority and weightage in economical assessment
The purpose of this study was to investigate the physicochemical properties and the presence of heavy metals in groundwater samples. This study was carried out on the site of a tanneries of Vaniyambadi Taluk in the Vellore district. Evaluate the pollution index and risk assessment to assess the suitability of groundwater for human consumption. The information absorbed Physico-chemical properties and heavy metals like., Copper, Chromium, Lead, Zinc, Nickel, Aluminum, Cadmium contamination of groundwater samples. Flame AAS (Atomic Absorption Spectrometer) method used to assess the heavy metals concentration, The metal strength of groundwater in the area of the tanneries is rather high. As a result of the analysis, it was found that the chromium concentration was quite high in the groundwater samples from the tanneries, and the strengths of copper, chromium, lead, zinc, nickel, aluminum, and cadmium metals were also found slightly higher in groundwater in the tannery area. The calculated pollution indices, the Contamination Index (CI) and the Environmental risk Index (IER) for heavy metals, indicate that the majority of the groundwater samples studied are in severely contaminated areas. All physicochemical properties are within the normal range and metal contamination of groundwater is responsible for maintaining the harmfulness of crops and household needs.
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