The formation of anti-erosion procedures is based primarily on achieving an equilibrium state that affects the state of the soil or constituent rocks of the slope. In this regard, the formation of a model that can demonstrate the processes of slope destruction, which can be represented not only by soil, but also by rocks or other formations, becomes relevant. In particular, it should be relevant for urban soils and technologically transformed landscapes. The novelty of the study is determined by the fact that all possible materials that form both slopes of natural origin and technological origin are considered as objects of potential erosion activity. The authors of the article are considering the possibility of applying reclamation measures that will reduce the maximum erosion activity within not only natural, but also urban landscapes. The article developed a model for analyzing the potential of erosion activity in combination with the physical parameters of the slopes and their mechanical composition. The practical significance of the study is determined by the fact that the proposed measures and the developed model for countering erosion activity can reduce technological costs for reclamation activities and thus increase the economic and technological efficiency of the project.
To protect the slopes of the ground dam from the devastating effects of wind waves, ice, water flow, precipitation and other factors, a number of engineering measures are provided. Based on this, an engineering decision is taken on the choice of materials for fastening structures, as well as methods for calculating their stability. When calculating the stability of the upper slope, two cases of a combination of loads and impacts are mainly considered. One of them is the reduction of the water level in the reservoir with maximum speed, and the other is the case when the water level in the reservoir is at the lowest operational level. The article investigates the processes of sliding of natural slopes of the upstream dam. Taking into account the combined action of the forces of filtering, weighing and vapor pressure, as well as the force of hydrostatic pressure to the level of dead volume. The equation for the stability coefficient of a circular-cylindrical slip of a uniform natural slope of the upstream dam has been obtained.
The article focuses on the solution methods of the problems arising from the rational use of the water resources of mountain rivers with high turbidity.Technical and operational indicators of water reservoirs constructed on mountain rivers characterised by high turbidity have been analysed and measures preventing stagnation of water reservoirs have been investigated.Issues related to the construction of a water reservoir outside the river bed and the prevention of stagnation of this water reservoir were investigated. The option of building a water receiving reservoir providing partial regulation and limpidity of the flow in the river valley was proposed. Hydraulic washing installation was proposed to remove sediments from the water reservoir equipped with the water tank. The working principle of washing installation with hydro-technical and hydraulic parameters are listed.
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