Gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) are rare mesenchymal tumors. Currently, it is possible to carry out three consecutive lines of target therapy against metastatic GISTs: imatinib as first-line, sunitinib as second line and regorafenib as third line. The mutation status of the C-Kit gene is a predictor of GIST sensitivity to imatinib and sunitinib. Some patients have to stop the treatment due to sunitinib related toxicity. Regorafenib can be used as the second line therapy of metastatic GISTs in case of sunitinib intolerance.
Chemotherapy regimen AС (doxorubicin and cyclophosphamide) is the most often used in adjuvant chemotherapy of breast cancer. AC regimen is high emetogenic. Objective – to evaluate the effectiveness of the combination of aprepitant, ondansetron and dexamethasone for the prevention of nausea and vomiting in patients with breast cancer receiving chemotherapy regimen AC. Materials and methods:64 female patients with breast cancer received adjuvant chemotherapy regimen AC: doxorubicin 60 mg/m2, cyclophosphamide 600 mg/m2 in day 1, each 21 day 4 cycle. Patients of Group 1 (n=34) received an triple-therapy regimen ( aprepitant 125 mg p.o. in day 1, 80 mg in days 2 and 3, ondansetron 8 mg i.v. in 1 day, dexamethasone 12 mg i.v.in 1 day, then to 8 mg/day p.o. in days 2–4) for prevention of nausea and vomiting. Patients of Group 2 (n = 30) received ondansetron 8 mg i.v. in 1 day, dexamethasone 12 mg i.v.in 1 day, then to 8 mg/day p.o. in days 2-4). The quality of life of patients was assessed by Functional Living Index of emesis (FLIE). Results: During the first cycle of chemotherapy complete control of nausea and vomiting was achieved at 20 (58,8%) patients of Group 1 and at 4 (13.3%) %) patients of Group 2 (p<0.05). The average score on the Functional Living Index of emesis (FLIE) scale in Group 1 was 19.88, in Group 2-38.03 (p<0.05). Conclusion: Adequate regimen for prevention of nausea and vomiting is combination of NK1 receptor antagonist, 5-HT3 receptor antagonist and dexamethasone.
It is an observational study of 228 patients with cancer and chemotherapy-induced anaemia (CIA). 192 patients received chemotherapy, 16 patients - hormone therapy, 20 patients - target therapy. In 118 patients with CIA were considered as iron deficiency. 49.1 % of patients with therapy was prescribed by an oncologist, 50.9 % of the therapy was administered by physician of other specialties. 51.7 % of patients received oral iron for the correction of CIA, 42.6 % patients did not receive any therapy of CIA. In 43.2 % of patients, at least one cycle of chemotherapy was postponed due to CIA. The appointment of the 67 patients monotherapy ferric carboxymaltose 500-1000 mg once a week, has allowed 14 days to increase the level of hemoglobin 16.2 [4.0-19.1] g/L.
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