ResumenLos marcadores tumorales séricos (MTS) son utilizados de manera habitual en la monitorización de la respuesta y en el seguimiento de los pacientes oncológicos tras las diversas terapias administradas.Presentamos tres casos clínicos con falsas elevaciones de MTS, como son CA 15-3, CA 12-5 y CA 19-9, en pacientes diagnosticados y tratados de carcinoma de mama, carcinoma de ovario y carcinoma colorrectal respectivamente, durante su seguimiento.A continuación se discuten las limitaciones de su uso en la práctica oncológica como consecuencia de sus problemas de sensibilidad y especificidad, y cual es su utilidad en el pronóstico, supervivencia y calidad de vida de los pacientes.
Palabras clave:Marcadores tumorales séricos. Seguimiento. Monitorización de la respuesta al tratamiento.Oncología, 2005; 28 (9):443-447
Background
We explored the influence of
BRAF
and
PIK3CA
mutational status on the efficacy of bevacizumab or cetuximab plus 5-fluorouracil/leucovorin and irinotecan (FOLFIRI) as first-line therapy in patients with
RAS
wild-type metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC).
Patients and methods
VISNÚ-2 was a multicentre, randomised, phase II study. Patients with
RAS
wild-type mCRC and <3 circulating tumour cells/7.5 ml blood were stratified by
BRAF
/
PIK3CA
status (wild-type versus mutated) and number of affected organs (1 versus >1), and allocated to bevacizumab (5 mg/kg every 2 weeks) or cetuximab (400 mg/m
2
then 250 mg/m
2
weekly) plus FOLFIRI [irinotecan 180 mg/m
2
, leucovorin 400 mg/m
2
, 5-fluorouracil 400 mg/m
2
(bolus) then 2400 mg/m
2
(46-h continuous infusion) every 2 weeks]. The primary endpoint was progression-free survival (PFS). All analyses were exploratory.
Results
Two hundred and forty patients with
BRAF
/
PIK3CA
wild-type (
n
= 196) or
BRAF-
and/or
PIK3CA-
mutated tumours (
n =
44) were enrolled. Median PFS was 12.7 and 8.8 months in patients with
BRAF
/
PIK3CA
wild-type and
BRAF
/
PIK3CA
-mutated tumours, respectively [hazard ratio (HR) = 1.22; 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.80-1.85;
P
= 0.3602]. In the
BRAF-
and/or
PIK3CA
-mutated cohort, median PFS was 2.8, 8.8 and 15.0 months in patients with
BRAF
/
PI3KCA
-mutated (
n
= 8),
BRAF
-mutated/
PI3KCA
wild-type (
n
= 16) and
BRAF
wild-type/
PI3KCA
-mutated (
n
= 20) tumours, respectively (
P =
0.0002). PFS was similar with bevacizumab plus FOLFIRI versus cetuximab plus FOLFIRI in
BRAF
/
PIK3CA
wild-type (HR = 0.99; 95% CI 0.67-1.45;
P
= 0.9486) and
BRAF
/
PIK3C
A-mutated tumours (HR = 1.11; 95% CI 0.53-2.35;
P
= 0.7820). The most common grade 3/4 treatment-related adverse events were neutropenia, diarrhoea and asthenia in both treatment groups.
Conclusions
BRAF
...
La dermatomiositis (DM) es un raro síndrome paraneoplásico que se asocia al diagnóstico de diferentes tumores. Puede preceder a la enfermedad oncológica, cursar simultáneamente o incluso aparecer meses o años después de la misma. Presentamos dos casos de pacientes con DM asociada a carcinoma de mama y de vesícula biliar, describiéndose los principales puntos de interés que esta entidad clínico-patológica pueda tener para el oncólogo. Palabras clave: Dermatomiositis. Síndrome paraneoplásico. Cáncer de mama. Cáncer de vesícula biliar.
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