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A resistivity survey was conducted in the Nile Delta area to delineate ground‐water contamination caused by an improper sewage and irrigation drainage system, leaching from old lagoonal deposits, and salt‐water intrusion. Existing monitoring wells were used to measure the horizontal and vertical variations in water salinity. Vertical electrical sounding (VES) data for sounding points located near monitoring wells, together with the water salinity data of these wells, were used to obtain an empirical relationship between the inferred earth resistivity and the amount of total dissolved solids. This relationship was used together with the constructed apparent resistivity depth and geoelectric longitudinal sections to identify three zones of water‐bearing formation (fresh‐, brackish‐, and salt‐water zones). Along the studied profile, depth to the fresh‐brackish interface exceeds 150 m at Tanta City and decreases northward to 40 m or less between Qutor and Kafr El‐Sheikh. Depth to the brackish‐saline interface exceeds 180 m south of Kafr‐El‐Sheikh and decreases northward to 70 m near Hadadi village.

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A resistivity survey was conducted in a reclaimed mine spoils disposal site near Wheatland, Indiana to study the ground‐water contamination. Due to the high conductivity of the acidic leachate from coal refuse, it was possible to detect the valleys in which this material was dumped (gob valleys) by using the horizontal resistivity profiling technique. The thickness of the gob valleys and information about the stratigraphy of the site were obtained by using the vertical electrical sounding (VES) technique. The VES data for sounding points located near monitoring wells, together with the chemical analyses of water samples taken from these wells, were used to obtain an empirical relationship between the inferred earth resistivity and the amount of Total Dissolved Solids (TDS) in the ground water. The horizontal resistivity profiling data and the VES data at a 30‐ft electrode spacing were contoured. The resulting isoresistivity map, together with the empirical relationship, can be used to predict the approximate TDS concentration at a depth of approximately 30 ft at any point on the Wheatland site.

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