The main objective of this investigation is to rearrange the tines of chisel plow as -shape to reduce draft force required for plowing and to avoid jamming of soil clods and crop residues which frequently occurred when using the common chisel plow of tines arranged in 2 rows. The performance of the modified -shape chisel plow was evaluated compared to other 2 and 3 rows of chisel plow. The performance tests were carried out at two different pervious crops of experimental field with three levels of soil moisture content (25.20, 20.25 and 17.30% for rice field and 20.77, 16.92 and 14.38% for soya bean field). Two different levels of plowing depth (10 and 20 cm) were included in the tests. The obtained results indicated that:• The lowest values of draft force and the highest values of field capacity
A pneumatic olive harvester was developed and evaluated in this study. The components of the developed machine were the limb clamp, vibrating unit, control elements, main tube, air-pressured hoses, control valve, and power source. The measurements that related to the development of the harvester were fruit and limb damage, and some physical and mechanical properties of the olives fruit-stem system. The results demonstrated that the effectiveness of the developed machine to harvest olive fruits. The appropriateness of the developed machine was evaluated by some criteria: machine productivity, fruit removal, fruit damage, limb damage depth at the contact point with the clamp of the machine, breakage of shaken limb, and consumed energy. The suitable values of these criteria were achieved at 27 Hz frequency and 60 mm stroke.
Experiments were conducted in West Nubaria by using combine harvester with modified header to fit reaping alfalfa to increase productivity and minimize losses. The effect of forward speed of 3.20, 3.45, 3.78 and 4.32 km/h, cutting height of 3, 5, 8 and 10 cm, and cutter bar speed of 2.28, 3.18 and 3.78 m/s were studied. Measured performance indicatoss include field capacity and efficiency, cutting efficiency, productivity, total losses, energy requirements, operational and criterion function costs of reaping alfalfa were evaluated. The results indicated that, maximum cutting efficiency of 98.6%, minimum total losses of 3.28% and minimum criterion function costs of 91.54 LE/fed recorded with forward speed of 3.2 km/h, cutting height of 3 cm and cutter bar speed of 3.78 m/s, meanwhile maximum field efficiency was 90 % recorded with previous condition as if cutting height was 10cm. Also, maximum field capacity of 3.72 fed/h, while maximum productivity of 10.89 ton/h, energy requirements of 35.39 kW.h/fed, and harvesting operational costs of 53.4 LE/fed recorded with forward speed of 4.32 km/h, cutting height of 10 cm and cutter bar speed of 3.78 m/s.
Field experiments were conducted at the experimental farm of El-Karada water management research station, Kafr El-Sheikh Governorate during 2008 and 2009 summer seasons to study the impact of farm water management on the cotton yield and economic benefit for irrigation water unit. To attain this goal, different methods of planting and different irrigation treatments were investigated on the Giza 86 v. cotton. A splitplot design with four replicates were used, the mainplots were furrow and bed (ridge) planting methods. While , four irrigation treatments were allocated in the sub-plots , which were irrigation at FC % ,90 % FC ,85 % FC and 80 % FC . The main results in this study can be summarized as follows: -The bed planting method had the minimum values of water applied and water consumptive use compared with the furrow planting method for all irrigation treatments. Using the bed planting method instead of furrow planting method saved about 396 m3 per fed (15.6%) with irrigation at 80 % FC.
Field experiment were carried during 2007 at the Sakha Aquaculture Research Station, Kafr El-Sheikh, Governorate, to evaluate the feasibility of using a small expression machine for oil extraction to suit production of fish feed pellets. The effect of some parameters such as, screw speeds
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