This paper discusses the method of hydraulic location for leak detection. A statistical criterion for leakage incident detection has been developed. A series of simulation experiments conducted has confirmed that the developed criteria are adequate. An algorithm has been developed to evaluate the sensitivity of a leak detection algorithm based on the availability of pressure instruments at the process section.
В настоящей статье рассматривается один из наиболее распространенных методов постоянного контроля, реализуемый алгоритмами систем обнаружения утечек – метод гидравлической локации. Задачами авторов являются исследование условий применимости метода, формирование научно обоснованных критериев принятия решения о возникновении утечки и критериев оценки адекватности результатов, полученных с использованием метода, при проведении натурных испытаний. Разработаны статистические критерии установления факта утечки в нефтепроводе для метода гидролокации, рассчитан доверительный интервал местоположения утечки. Впервые предложена аналитическая зависимость доверительного интервала местоположения утечки от потерь давления, вызванных утечкой. Для обоснования зависимости проведены серии вычислительных экспериментов. В результате составлен алгоритм определения точности локализации утечки в зависимости от параметров оснащенности трубопровода средствами измерения давления. Ключевые слова: обнаружение утечек, координата утечки, алгоритмы принятия решений, оценка достаточности оснащенности, система контроля режимов, система обнаружения утечек, утечки нефти, потери давления
In this paper, we consider one of the most common methods of continuous monitoring using algorithms of leakage detection systems – hydraulic location method. The author’s goal is to study the method applicability conditions, to develop scientifically valid criteria for deciding on the occurrence of leakage and criteria for assessing adequacy of the results obtained using the method during field tests. Statistic criteria were developed for establishing the fact of leakage when sonar method is used, confidence interval of the leakage location was calculated. For the first time, an analytical dependence of leakage location confidence interval on pressure loss caused by the leakage is proposed. To substantiate the dependence, a series of computational experiments were conducted. As a result, an algorithm has been developed for determining accuracy of leakage localization depending on the degree of availability of pipeline pressure measuring instruments.
The material balance method, being the basic algorithm of leak detection systems (LDS), is discussed. A criterion for making a decision concerning a leak is substantiated; the issue of determining the sensitivity limit of the material balance algorithm is discussed.
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