SynopsisThe mechanical properties, tensile strength, and elongation were investigated for poly(viny1 chloride) (PVC) samples mixed with dioctylphthalate (DOP) at concentrations from 0 to 100 parts per hundred parts PVC at 23°C. It was found that the tensile strength decreased with the increase of concentration, and the elongation was increased until a concentration of 30 DOP content, and then decreased. This leads to the suggestion that intermolecular plasticization is dominant until 30 DOP content, while interstructural plasticization is prevailing for higher concentrations. The permittivity E' and the dielectric loss factor E" of the same samples have been measured in the frequency range 102-106 Hz at temperatures from 3 to 96°C. Results show that as the DOP content increases in PVC, the dielectric absorption becomes broader, and the glass transition temperature T, is lowered. The magnitude of the loss peak decreases with an increase of DOP content to a minimum at concentrations from 40 to 60 DOP content. At higher concentrations the loss peak is increased and T, is unaltered. Another absorption was observed at 100 Hz and at high temperatures, which was attributed to Maxwell-Wagner effect or direct current conductivity or both of them. It was found that the sample containing 40 parts DOP in 100 parts PVC possesses the best mechanical and electrical properties.
A systematic dielectric study over the frequency region from 0.06 to 300kHz has been carried out on butyl rubber loaded with one of six white fillers namely talc, calcium carbonate, dolomite, barytes, kaolin and silica in increasing quantities at room temperature. A low frequency loss term whose maximum lies around 104Hz for all samples is noticed and is attributed to Maxwell‐Wagner losses arising from the interfacial polarisation due to the presence of the ingredients added stepwise to raw rubber. These losses are found to increase by the addition of filler and the cause of this increase is interpreted.
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