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Four new triterpenes identified as 3β-acetoxyfern-9(11)-en-12-one (2b), 3β-acetoxyfern-9(11)-en-12β-ol (2g), fern-9(11)-ene-3β,12β-diol (2f) and 3β-acetoxyfern-9(11)-en-19β-ol (2h) have been isolated from the extracts of the lichen Pseudocyphellaria aurata. Lupeol acetate (1) and 3β-hydroxyfern-9(11)-en-12-one (2a) were also present in the extracts.

Twenty lupane triterpenoids including five (20RS)- epimeric pairs have been isolated from the chloroform extractives of the lichen Pseudocyphellaria rubella. The utility of g.c.-m.s . procedures in the structural elucidation of the extractives, some of which were complex mixtures is discussed.