RESUMO:Piper hispidum é uma espécie pioneira pertencente à família Piperaceae, com importância na medicina popular e na obtenção de óleo essencial. Assim como outras espécies da família, possui poucas informações sobre técnicas de cultivo. O objetivo foi avaliar a propagação via estaquia de Piper hispidum em função do tipo de substrato e estaca em Manaus, Amazonas, Brasil. O experimento foi realizado na Embrapa Amazônia Ocidental. O delineamento utilizado foi inteiramente casualizado em esquema fatorial 3 (estacas) x 5 (substratos), com três repetições de 12 estacas, sendo as estacas (apical, mediana e basal) e os substratos (areia lavada, substrato comercial, solo + esterco de aves, solo + casca de guaraná e fibra de coco). Foram avaliadas: enraizamento (%), número de brotações, comprimento da maior brotação (cm), número de folhas, comprimento da maior raiz (cm), massa seca da raiz (g) e massa seca das brotações (g). Foi realizada análise de variância pelo teste F a 5% de probabilidade e para as médias foi realizado o teste Tukey ao nível de 5% de probabilidade. Recomenda-se utilizar estacas apicais e basais, nesta ordem. Ocorreu interação entre os fatores substrato e tipos de estaca somente para variável número de brotações. Os substratos areia lavada e substrato comercial são indicados para maiores porcentagens de enraizamento com 81,56% e 81,33%, respectivamente. O enraizamento foi superior nas estacas apicais (85,67%) e basais (74,47%). Porém, para esta espécie os substratos solo + esterco de aves e/ou solo + casca de guaraná foram mais indicados quando o objetivo é obter estacas de qualidade.Palavras-chave: Estaquia, Piperaceae, planta medicinal, substratos agrícolas ABSTRACT: Vegetative propagation of cuttings of Piper hispidum Sw. in different substrates. Piper hispidum is a pioneer species belonging to the family Piperaceae, with relevance in popular medicine and in obtaining essential oil. As other species of this family, there is little information about cultivation techniques. The aim of this work was to evaluate the propagation through cutting from the Piper hispidum according to the type of substrate and cutting technique in Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil. The trial experiment was conducted at the Embrapa Western Amazon. The design was completely randomized factorial 3 x 5, with three replications of 12 cuttings with types of cuttings (apical, median and basal) and substrates (washed sand, commercial substrate, soil + poultry manure, soil + guarana shell and coconut fiber). After 60 days, the following characteristics were evaluated: rooting (%), number of shoots, length of the largest sprouting (cm), number of leaves, length of the longest root (cm), root dry weight (g) and dry weight of shoots (g). An analysis of variance was performed by the F test at 5% probability and for the averages` comparison the Tukey test was done at 5% level of probability. It is recommended to employ apical and basal cuttings, respectively. There was interaction between the factors and substrate types of cuttings only for th...

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ABSTRACT Knowing about the nutrient uptake during plant cycle is essential for nutrient management decisions. We evaluated dry matter accumulation and nutrient demand, and it to determine the uptake curves, the ideal phase for management, and element extraction order for yard long beans. The experiment was carried out in a greenhouse. The experimental design was completely randomized, with eight collection periods, at 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70 and 80 days after emergence (DAE), and four replicates. For each period, destructive sampling was performed and the sample’s dry matter content was determined, so that it could be used to estimate macro- and micronutrient contents. When significant, nonlinear models were adjusted to explain dry matter accumulation and nutrient uptake. The sigmoidal equation was the model which best depicted the growth curve for yard long bean, which reached a maximum biomass accumulation of 177.5 g plant-¹ at 80 DAE. The crop's most demanding phase in terms of nutritional requirements is from 20 to 45 DAE, which is the ideal phase for nutrient management. The element extraction order at the end of the plant's cycle was K>Ca=N>S=P>Mg (macronutrients) with values of 2,668.3 mg plant-¹, 2,331.1 mg plant-¹, 2,279.2 mg plant-¹, 507.5 mg plant-¹, 496.3 mg plant-¹ and 213.2 mg plant-¹, and Fe>B>Zn>Mn>Cu (micronutrients), with 10,933.1 µg plant-¹, 6,310.8 µg plant-¹, 4,746.8 µg plant-¹, 2,854.1 µg plant-¹ and 717.1 µg plant-¹, respectively.

Broccoli has great economic, social, and nutritional importance. Genetic improvements through breeding programs for this species made available cultivars with satisfactory production in hot and humid climates. Two experiments were conducted to evaluate the inflorescence production of broccoli cultivars (Ramoso and Cabeça groups) in the hot and humid climate of Central Amazonia. In experiment 1, Ramoso group cultivars were evaluated (Verão Ramoso Piracicaba, Ramoso Santana, Piracicaba, Piracicaba Precoce, Ramirez F1, Hanabi, Piracicaba Precoce Verão, and Hanapon ). In experiment 2, Cabeça group cultivars were evaluated (Green Storm, Strong, TPX-00925, Salinas F1, Bibou, Domador, Burney, and BRO 68 ). A randomized block experimental design was used, with eight treatments consisted of cultivars, and four replications for each experiment. Quantitative variables were evaluated, including inflorescence fresh and dry weights; and the qualitative variables evaluated showed the occurrence of undesirable characteristics in the inflorescences. Significant differences were found within the Ramoso group cultivars and within the Cabeça group cultivars evaluated. The broccoli cultivars that showed the best inflorescence production in the humid, hot climate of Central Amazonia were Verão Ramoso Piracicaba, Piracicaba Precoce Verão, Ramoso Santana, and Piracicaba Precoce of the Ramoso group; and Green Storm and Burney of the Cabeça group.