Relevance. It is stressed that the structural-integrative approach for human functional states' analysis, elaborated at the end of 80s on the base of system analysis of work activity, formed the appropriate theoretical frame for evaluation and prediction of workability and reliability alteration. At present, in innovative work environment, this approach is still the adequate base for urgent and challenging issues, both scientific and practical, such as analysis of work activity regulation mechanisms in tensed work situations; evaluation of a state's self-regulation in work conditions under long-term strain; elaboration of applied programs for the development of adaptation resources.Objective. The article focuses on the basic issues of the structural-integrative approach, where a state is defined as a special structure of inner means for tasks execution regulation, acquired by a subject under specific work conditions to human functional states' analysis. The main aim -the estimation of the approach capabilities for human functional states' investigations in modern organizational and professional environment.Method. Methods of multilevel assessment of a functional state's manifestation are analyzed. The possibilities of data integration technologies, used for different functional states identification, are discussed. The different technologies
The study of influence of different heat treatment procedures on microstructure and mechanical properties of the new high-strength weldable cold-resistant steel 20G2SMRA (20Г2СМРА) is conducted. Morphology of martensite after steel quenching, as well after quenching and consequent tempering, is examined using optical metallography and electron microscopy. Regularities of varying of microstructure parameters, hardness values (HV1) and impact strength KCV were revealed in this work at the temperature –60 °С depending on heating temperature for quenching and consequent tempering. Amount of residual austenite after quenching starting from the temperatures 850, 950 and 1000 °C was determined using X-ray structural phase analysis. The rational procedure of heat treatment was established as a result of the study; it provides combination of guaranteed yield strength σ0,2 ≥ 600 N/mm2 together with low-temperature impact strength KCV–60 ≥ 50 J/sm2 and ductility δ5 ≥ 17%. The obtained results of investigation are aimed for commercial putting into practice in the conditions of heavy plate production at 5000 rolling mill of Magnitogorsk Iron and Steel Works (MMK). The work was done under financial support of the RF Ministry of Education and Science within the framework of execution of the grant of RF President (Agreement No. 075-15-2020-205 dated 17.03.2020 (int. No. MK-1979.2020.8)).
Relevance. The article presents the results of published studies’ review and the empirical study, targeted to estimate job stressors and proactive coping strategies in nurses during COVID-19 pandemic. The research urgency is connected with the necessity to evaluate psychological availability of nurses to be resistant to high work strain and risk of SARS-CoV-2 contamination.Objectives. The research aim: to compare stress level, job stressors evaluation and proactive coping strategies in nurses with high and low chronic states. Methods. Diagnostic set included: Chronic stress and fatigue inventories by A.B. Leonova; Job stress survey by Ch. Spielberger; Professional burnout inventory by N.E. Vodopyaynova; Proactive coping inventory by E. Greenglass; checklist “Means states’ optimization” by A.S. Kuznetsova. Sample. Hospital nurses (n = 306; age 43,2 ± 10,9; service 20,7 ± 11,5). Results. Revealed job stressors are typical for nurses: inadequate salary, insufficient time for breaks, excessive paperwork and increased responsibility. Strong differences in job stressors evaluation are found between nurses of risk group (with high level of chronic states) and nurses with no chronic states (well-to-do group): in risk group, perceived job stress is significantly higher. Proactive coping strategies are quite high. Regression analysis did not reveal coping strategies as stress predictors. Three months after well-to-do nurses still perceived no high job stress, while in risk group perceived job stress increased. Conclusions. Under pressure of unmanageable pandemic strain, self-evaluation of proactive coping possibilities in risk group and well-to-do group significantly diverged. Most likely perceived stressors are connected with the inability to manage work strain and to minimize the impact of its negative effects.
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