Fuel cells have developed of excessive interest as a probable economical, efficient, and clean candidate for alternative and environmental friendly power generation services. Solid Oxide Fuel Cell (SOFC) is an elevated temperature fuel cell, dealing with power generation as well as heat. Up to now many studies have been made to replace platinum, Pt, with a new cathode catalyst for intermediate temperaturesolid oxide fuel cells (IT-SOFC) (500 °C
This study reports the effect of vanadium on the crystal structure and electrical and electrochemical properties of La 0.6−x V x Sr 0.4 MnO 3−δ (x = 0.005-0.1) perovskite-based cathode materials in solid oxide fuel cells. Crystal structure, morphology, and porosity of prepared cathode materials are characterized by X-ray diffraction, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and scanning electron microscopy. Using XPS analysis it was established that the La 3+ cation is exchanged by the V 4+/5+ cation in the perovskite structure. This ion replacement improves the ionic conductivity and catalytic activity for oxygen reduction reaction in the perovskite structure, presumably due to the smaller size of the V 4+/5+ cation than the La 3+ ion. Oxygen partial pressure-related polarization experiments suggest that the adsorption-desorption process and the reactions controlled by the atomic oxygen diffusion process followed by charge transfer are the cathode reaction rate-limiting steps.
Scintillation materials are widely used in digital X-ray imaging applications, radiotherapy applications coupled with suitable photoreceptors. Gd2O2SO4 (GOS) scintillator doped with trivalent praseodymium (Pr 3+ ) presented high X-ray absorption properties and good spectral compatibility which were utilized extensively for imaging system of X-ray microscopy, soft X-ray phosphor screen for water window. In this study, GOS:0.01Pr 3+ scintillation material was synthesized by unique sol-gel process which was not previously applied and its characterization properties were investigated. Structure and luminescence properties of GOS:Pr 3+ were optimized by utilizing X-ray diffraction, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and luminescence spectroscopy.
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