Thus, due to easy operation without a requirement of sophisticated equipment and skilled personnel, the RT-LAMP assay reported here is extremely rapid, cost-effective, highly sensitive, and specific and has potential usefulness for rapid detection of non-polio enterovirus (NPEV) not only by well-equipped laboratories but also by peripheral diagnostic laboratories with limited financial resources in developing countries.
Dengue is a public health problem with an increasing global incidence and geographic distribution in almost all tropical and subtropical countries, with a transition from epidemic to endemic occurrence. In this study, we report a six-year analysis (2009-2014) performed at the Department of Virology, King Institute of Preventive Medicine, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India. Our data confirm earlier findings that dengue is highly endemic in Chennai. In the present study, 10,099 serum samples from suspected dengue cases were tested for IgM ELISA (NIV Capture) and IgG Panbio ELISA (Australia). Of these suspected cases 6,798 and 3,301 were pediatric and adult cases, respectively, and 1,927 (19.08 %) were confirmed serologically as dengue. Of these, 1,752 (25.7 %) and 175 (5.3 %) were pediatric and adult cases, respectively. The aim of this study was to highlight the occurrence of DHF and DSS, mainly among the pediatric population, in which the infection causes higher mortality and morbidity. The overall positivity was higher in the pediatric group than in the adults. Detection of both IgM and IgG positivity will be useful for monitoring infection rates, the disease spectrum, and the prevalence of the different serotypes, which will give us insight about the circulating serotypes and pathogenicity. These data will be valuable for providing an early warning to predict an impending epidemic leading to major clinical manifestations of DHF and DSS.
Karyomorphological studies in a local population of D. kirkii have revealed the somatic chromosome number of 2n----68. This is a new number and has made the cytological situation in the genus more complex in respect of the basic chromosome number. The chromosomes form a graded series with 4 pairs of satellited chromosomes. Oo. the basis of the present observations a tetraploid level of a complex category has been suggested for this species. An analysis of meiotic stages and the chromosome number in the pollen grains is suggestive of the presence of 1-4 supernumerary chromosomes in the gonome of the taxon.
Scilla is a genus of about 100 species of bulbous plants which are natives of Europe and extra-tropical regions of Asia and Africa. Scilla indica is widely distri buted over central India, the Deccan Peninsula and Sri Lanka, and is highly poly morphic, populations exhibiting marked phenotypic variations in different geogra phical regions of the country often looking like different species. Reports on the chromosome number of this taxon in India are varying. Raghavan and Venkata subban (1939) were the first to investigate the cytological aspects of S. indica which they had collected from the Madras area in India. In this, they described three distinct karyotypes with 2n=44, 45, 46 chromosomes and considered them as three aneuploid races. Bhaduri (1944) confirmed the number as 2n=44 in the material obtained from Raghavan. Sheriff and Murthy (1946) were the first to report 2n= 30 chromosomes in S. indica occurring in the Kolar Hills area in Karnataka State in south India. Sunder Rao (1953) reported 2n=58 in S. indica collected from the Sagar area in Madhya Pradesh in central India and considered it as yet another chromosome race distinct from those studied by Raghavan and Venkatasubban. This rather confusing cytological picture of the taxon in the country prompted the author to subject this taxon to a detailed cytological survey on a regional and popu lation-wise basis. The results were highly rewarding and provided a clear picture of the cytological set-up of this taxon in the country. A paper, the first in the series, dealt with the cytogeographical aspects of the taxon collected from different geo graphical regions of central and south India, all at the diploid level with 2n=30 chromosomes and thus establishing the basic number of 15 for the taxon in the country (Sheriff 1975). The present paper, the second in the series, deals with the cytogeographical aspects of two unique populations of S. indica both of which represent well established triploids with 2n=45, which are found confined and isolated in the Madras area and which were formerly mistaken to be aneuploid races. Material and methodsLiving plants were collected from two areas in Madras, the Adyar seaside area and the Saidapet Teachers College area. In both the places the plants were found growing wild. At Adyar, the plants (designated as Collection S-24) were found in great abundance and robust looking. Their leaves were relatively broad with large dark blotches on their surface, a few of the leaves bearing bulbils at their tips
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