The first cyclonic storm of the season, Extremely Severe Cyclonic Storm (ESCS “Fani” 26th April - 4th May, 2019) formed over the Bay of Bengal and crossed the Odisha coast close to Puri. Besides this ESCS, one short lived low pressure area formed on 30th May over southwest Arabian Sea off Somalia coast which dissipated on 31st May.
The parameters controlling water requirement of rice crop and other crop related data were collected and computed at eleven critical phenophases, from eight different ET – stations, for latest available five years and the mean values were analyzed. The study revealed that the total water requirement – demand for rice crop in different rice growing ET – stations varied from 411.3 to 688.7 mm of water. In most of the stations peak ET was recorded during tillering to active tillering stages, which contributed 27 – 38 per cent of the total water need of the crop. The seasonal rainfall in most of the stations was sufficient to meet the ET requirement at various growth stages. However, few stations recorded high yield due to assured irrigation facility. The average Kc values (throughout the crop growth period) showed variation from 0.77 to 1.13 among different stations studied. For most of the stations Kc values reached their peak mostly at active tillering stage onward. At some stations six or more growth stages recorded Kc values even more than one. Rice yield varied from 1839 kg/ha to 5892 kg/ha. Also, the crop productivity varied widely from 15.074 to 51.684 kg/ha/day. The WUE of the crop in different stations laid between 3.68 to 10.71 kg/ha/mm.
The present study was carried out to identify the cause of major yield losses of large cardamom in the state of Sikkim. For this purpose three years meteorological data from two stations viz. Gangtok and Tadong and the potential evapotranspiration data from two adjacent stations located in the sub-Himalayan West Bengal were used for computation of heat unit (GDD) and agroclimatic rainfall index (ARI). The study revealed that rainfall availability and potential evapotranspiration followed the same trend with the highest value at vegetative stage and the lowest value at lag phase of the crop. The total heat unit requirement of the crop was very high; its value increased from nursery seedling to transplanting stages and then reduced sharply during lag phase; afterwards the peak was attained at vegetative growth stage, which sharply reduced at later growth stages. Very high ARI values were recorded at transplanting and flowering stages for both the stations. The postmortem study suggests that the crop requires well distributed, plentiful rainfall with high relative humidity and cool temperature, which were not available during 1998-99, affecting the crop severely at secondary flowering stage.
Soybean is a major kharif season crop in parts of M.P., U.P., Gujarat, Punjab and Haryana,Maharashtra, Rajasthan, A.P. and Chattisgarh. The present work was undertaken to study the parameters controllingwater requirement of the crop at various phenophases in soybean growing 8 ET- stations (viz., Akola, Bangalore,Banswara, Dharwar, New Delhi, Parbhani, ICRISAT and Rahuri) in various agroclimatic zones. Eight phenophases of thecrop (viz., germination, seedling, vegetative, active vegetative, flowering, pod formation, pod maturity and harvesting)were identified. The data were collected for latest available 3 to 5 years and the mean values were analysed. The study onsoybean crop revealed that the mean total water requirement demand of the crop varied from 294.7 to 559.2 mm indifferent soybean growing ET stations. The ET demand reached the peak mostly at active vegetative stage (which was19.0 to 25.6 % of the total ET demand, at various locations). The computed best – fit ET curves provide ET demand ofthe crop at any point of the phenophases for the specific location. The rainfall during study period was mostly sufficientto meet the crop specific ET demand at various phenophaes of soybean crop. Abundant soil moisture supported goodvegetation cover. The mean Kc value varied widely from 0.61 to 0.98 among different stations studied, which reachedtheir peak mostly at active vegetative to flowering stages, where the values were even more than 1 in most of thosephenophases except 3 stations. The mean soybean crop yield and productivity varied widely agroclimatic zone wise. Thesoybean yield varied from 981.0 kg/ha to 2530.6 kg/ha, while productivity per day varied from 9.0 kg/ha/day to 23.2kg/ha/day. The WUE of the crop laid between 2.1 kg/ha/mm to 6.0 kg/ha /mm at various locations.
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