A model for static recrystallization by Zurob et al. [1] has been fitted to experimental stress relaxation [2] data obtained on a low-alloyed steel using a Gleeble thermomechanical simulator. The model has been implemented as an algorithm that calculates the stress relaxation as a function of time, including physical descriptions of the recovery and recrystallization processes. The activation energy and volume were used as fitting parameters for recovery, and the activation energy of diffusion and nucleation site density were used as the fitting parameters for recrystallization. The four fitting parameters were determined from the experimental data by applying the Nelder-Mead algorithm within Matlab software. It can be concluded from the preliminary results that Zurob’s model can be successfully fitted to the stress relaxation data in order to illustrate the static restoration characteristics and kinetics in carbon steels using these fitting parameters.
A finite element (FE) simulation model illustrating the stress relaxation test was established with the Abaqus TM software. The microstructural evolution of steel during relaxation includes the complex phenomena of recrystallization. While the compression introduces the planned deformation and stress into the test piece, subsequent softening relieves the stress and at the same time creates microstructural reconstitution and refinement. In this study, a model was developed to simulate the kinetics of static recrystallization taking place during holding, using a technique based on FE-simulation. The simulation results have been compared to the experimental stress relaxation data obtained on a Gleeble TM 3800 thermo-mechanical simulator. The model can be used to estimate the recrystallization kinetics throughout the test piece. In the future, these results can be used for estimating the required rolling forces for multi-pass roughing with reasonable accuracy, for instance. The modelling methodology can be extended to other steels too, with or without microalloying additions.
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