This research aimed to broaden the knowledge of the academic community about the challenges of this neoplasm and to identify the scientific evidence on the role of nurses in strategies for adherence/educational actions to the preventive exam of prostate cancer. This is a qualitative, exploratory, literature review, based on the question: How can nurses contribute to adherence strategies in relation to rectal examination for prostate cancer diagnosis? The results showed that nurses have a significant role in preventive actions and adherence in relation to the rectal examination, and that there should be campaigns to deconstruct ideas linked to the myth that rectal touch hurts the masculinity of men.
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