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Summary. One hundred and thirty‐three children aged 4–17 years were treated to assess the viability of operating a regular inhalation sedation service for extractions and minor oral surgery in children. The study evaluated treatment success, assessed parents' and children's satisfaction, and compared the cost of inhalation sedation with that of existing general anaesthesia services. Eighty‐four per cent of the children had been referred for orthodontic extractions. Treatment was successfully completed for 120 of the patients; 201 permanent and 130 primary teeth were extracted and six minor surgical procedures were performed. Postal questionnaire assessment of the parents' and children's views showed that 97% were satisfied with the treatment provided. Of those parents who had previous experience of general anaesthesia, 79% stated that inhalation sedation was ‘better’ or ‘much better’ than general anaesthesia. It was estimated that the cost of providing treatment under inhalation sedation was considerably less than under general anaesthesia. It was concluded that it is viable to offer a regular inhalation sedation service for orthodontic extractions in children because it is clinically successful, acceptable to children and their parents, and cost‐effective. Résumé. Utilisation de la sédation par inhalation et de l'anesthésie locale au lieu de l'anesthésie générate pour extractions et chirurgie orale mineure: étude prospective Cent trente trois enfants, âgés de 4 â 17 ans, ont été traités, sous sédation par inhalation, pour extractions et chirurgie orale mineure. Cette étude a porté sur l'évaluation du traitement, la satisfaction des parents et des enfants, et a comparé le coût de la sédation par inhalation avec celui de l'anesthésie générale. Quatre‐vingt pour cent des enfants avaient été adressés pour des extractions d'indication orthodontique. Les interventions ont été réalisées chez 120 patients; 201 dents permanentes et 130 dents temporaires sont été extraites et six interventions de chirurgie orale mineure ont été réalisées. Un questionnaire adressé, par la poste, aux parents et à leurs enfants, a montré que 97% d'entre eux étaient satisfaits du traitement reçu. Pour les parents, qui avaient déjà eu une anesthésie générate, 79% d'entre‐eux ont trouvé que la sédation par inhalation était préferable ou de beaucoup préférable à l'anesthésie générale. Les estimations ont montré que le coût de l'intervention sous sédation par inhalation était moindre que celui sous anesthésie générate. La conclusion est qu'il est intéressant d'avoir un service de sédation par inhalation pour les extractions d'indication orthodontique pour les enfants car les résultats cliniques sont bons, les parents et les enfants satisfaits et le coût moindre. Zusammenfassung. Die Anwendung von Lachgas und Lokalanästhesie anstatt einer Vollnarkose für Extraktionen und kleine Chirurgische Eingriffe bei Kindern, eine propektive Studie 133 Kinder in Alter von 4 bis 17 Jahren wurden mit dieser Kombinationsmethode Lachgas und Lokalanästhesie behand...

T echniques used to restore primary molar teeth have changed over the past decade as new adhesive materials have been developed. Stainless steel or nickel chrome preformed crowns provide the most durable restoration, often surviving until the tooth exfoliates. 1 The durability of other restorative materials are usually compared with dental amalgam. Composite resins in the short term are as durable as amalgam but after 6 years have a failure rate of 62% compared with 20% for amalgam after 5 years. 2 Conventional glass ionomer cements on the other hand only have a mean survival time of 33 months compared with 41 months for amalgam.

SummaryOocyte retrieval is a procedure where sedation is recommended. This paper presents the process of setting up a new, non-anaesthetist delivered service in our institution, the development of safety systems and the audit data we have used to assure quality, effectiveness and safety. Logbook data were collected for 4342 cases, with detailed audit data collected for 260 cases. Safety is acceptable with a respiratory adverse incident rate of 0.5 ⁄ 1000 (95% CI 0.1-1.6 ⁄ 1000 cases). Unplanned, direct anaesthetic assistance was required in 3.5 ⁄ 1000 cases (95% CI 1.7-5.3 ⁄ 1000 cases). Anaesthetic advice was required in 7.5% cases (95% CI 4.2-10.7%) at the inception of the service, but rarely once established: 0.6% (95% CI 0.2-1.0%). Nearly all patients (99%) would have the same sedation method again, no patients required admission, and patients' co-operation was judged by the operating surgeon as very good or good in 91% of cases.