We describe a new gasometric method to determine erythrocyte catalase activity by the measurement of the volume of oxygen produced as a result of hydrogen peroxide decomposition in a system where enzyme and substrate are separated in a special reaction test tube connected to a manometer and the reagents are mixed with a motor-driven stirrer. The position of the reagents in the test tube permits the continuous measurement of oxygen evolution from the time of mixing, without the need to stop the reaction by the addition of acid after each incubation time. The enzyme activity is reported as K Hb , i.e., mg hydrogen peroxide decomposed per second per gram of hemoglobin (s -1 g Hb -1 ). The value obtained for catalase activity in 28 samples of hemolyzed human blood was 94.4 ± 6.17 mg H 2 O 2 s -1 g Hb -1 . The results obtained were precise and consistent, indicating that this rapid, simple and inexpensive method could be useful for research and routine work. Correspondence
Parques eólicos são produtores de energia limpa por apresentarem baixo impacto ambiental, além de possibilitar a renovação dos recursos naturais. No entanto, alguns grupos de fauna são mais afetados, como é o caso das aves. Outro fato importante são os impactos oriundos da perda de habitat natural decorrente da implantação das estradas de acesso e linhas de transmissão. Com isso o presente trabalho tem como objetivo relacionar a composição e dinâmica das espécies de aves presentes com os possíveis impactos causados pelos Parques Eólicos Testa Branca I e III. O trabalho foi realizado nos Parques Eólicos Testa Branca I e III localizados no município de Ilha Grande, Piauí. Foram realizadas quatro campanhas, nos meses de fevereiro e julho, dos anos de 2017 e 2018. Os métodos utilizados foram o ponto de escuta e captura por rede de neblina (mist nets). A amostragem resultou no registro de 9.136 contatos e 74 capturas, com indivíduos pertencentes a 102 espécies, distribuídas em 20 ordens e 41 famílias. Além dos registros obtidos, quatro indivíduos mortos devido a colisões com aerogeradores foram registrados. Das espécies registradas duas espécies apresentam algum grau de ameaça, tanto na lista da IUCN quanto na lista nacional de animais ameaçados de extinção.
Introduction: Migration is a natural phenomenon that includes annual movements of many bird species in response to seasonal cycles. With approximately one third of all living bird species, South America has an important avifauna, and many migrants land in Brazil at stopping points and wintering sites. Objective: To identify associations between migrant birds and coastal vegetation, and environmental influence of on migration. Methods: At 10 points along the coast of Piauí State, Brazil, we made visual censuses and mist net captures, between April 2009 and February 2016. Results: We identified 82 migrant bird species (13 orders; 28 families) that represented 41 intracontinental migrating species, 26 northern visiting species, 14 nomad species and one vagrant species. The richness peaks were at the beginning and end of both dry and rainy seasons, matching insolation and atmospheric pressure. There were spatial pattern differences among vegetation complexes. Chrysolampis mosquitus is an indicator of caatinga vegetation, Numenius phaeopus of wetland, Charadrius collaris of non-flooding fields, Rostrhamus sociabilis of forest-grassland transition, and Columbina picui of orchards. Despite differences in number and species composition within vegetation types, the temporal pattern in species richness was similar among flooded fields, non-flooded fields, and transition grassland categories. Conclusions: Migrant birds occupy specific environments during their permanence along the coast of Piauí State, with richness matching insolation and atmospheric pressure.
This work presents a game like educational software (courseware) to study metabolic pathways, called Diagrama Metabólico Dinâmico Virtual (DMDV) of Krebs´Cycle. The experience acquired teaching with the logical sequence tray games in the FFFCMPA´s Biochemistry Course provides the beddings with the use of this model as education method. With DMDV, students can assembly the sequence of reactions that describe the desired metabolic pathway, create situational models which can guide his/her choices, reduce the subject complexity of the scheme in knowledge construction presenting in a graphical way the current interrelations. Biochemistry teachers can use the present software in classroom as well as distance classes. This product integrates multimedia resources extensively and is distributed in CD-ROM format. The virtual environment will make possible interaction of the student with the environment and with colleagues and teachers, through tools as chats and forum. Experience with the use of this method was carried through with two distinct groups of students. The first group was composed by 11 students, who were more familiar with the content and answered a specific questionnaire to previously evaluate the software. The second group was formed by 24 students regularly registered in the FFFCMPA´s Biochemistry Course, who used the software as a study method. The first group considered DMDV of easy and pleasant navigation. The knowledge evaluation of the second group students was made by a written test and the analysis of three conceptual maps constructed by each one of them: one map before initiating the study with the DMDV, the second just after the study and the third one two months later. Every conceptual maps produced after DMDV method showed an expansion of valid concepts if compared with the first maps. Simple visual comparison of maps shows that new elements where added. All students who passed through the experiment reached a greater than five grade in the subjectś written test. Current results suggest the validity of the DMDV related method to metabolic pathway study.
Aliando turismo, ciência e educação, a prática de observar animais em seu habitat natural é o hobby de milhões de pessoas espalhadas por todo o mundo. A observação de aves (birdwatching), por exemplo, já é consolidada em diversos países do hemisfério norte, e vem apresentando contínua adesão de ecoturistas brasileiros. Apesar do Brasil apresentar uma rica avifauna distribuída entre os seus biomas, a prática do birdwatching ainda é subestimada em diversas regiões, como acontece no Nordeste. Nesse sentido, o presente trabalho teve como objetivo analisar o potencial da atividade de observação de aves em um parque nacional inserido dentro do bioma Caatinga, no estado do Ceará, com enfoque na avaliação da infraestrutura local e na riqueza de espécies. Para tanto, foram adotados procedimentos metodológicos que envolveram a coleta de dados in situ, através do levantamento da avifauna e da exploração da área. Os resultados apontaram que o Parque Nacional de Ubajara possui uma avifauna diversa e abundante, abrangendo tanto espécies típicas de florestas úmidas, como aquelas comuns nas matas secas da Caatinga. Aliado a isso, apresentou uma infraestrutura local bastante propícia para a realização de atividades ecoturísticas, contando com um mobiliário valoroso para a atividade de observação de aves, o que o destaca entre as unidades de conservação do bioma Caatinga para o birdwatching.
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