The focus of our research is on the Romanian banking sector, analysing if, over the period 2002 to 2009, foreign banks have been more efficient than their domestic peers, as foreign banks can benefit from the experience and superior know-how of their parent banks and thus achieve a superior organisation and management process. To reach this aim, we have used the Data Envelopment Analysis approach, estimating the cost, allocative, technical, pure technical and scale efficiencies; and afterwards we have conducted also a series of parametric and nonparametric tests in order to establish if foreign and domestic banks are coming from the same population. The results of the paper underline the fact that in the Romanian banking market, foreign banks are truly more efficient than the domestic ones for being able to better use their advantages and obtain a higher productivity of their inputs. Moreover, during the researched period the efficiency of the banking sector has not been improved, mainly as a consequence of the financial crisis.

and Romania) have registered a fast growth of the households indebtedness, which has lead to the extension of the vulnerabilities of this sector in front of some macroeconomic shocks. In this context, our research aim to especially comparatively underline the stylised facts about the indebtedness degree of the households from the analysed countries and the main effects generated by the fast growth of the banking debts of this sector. Through the undertaken analysis in our research we aim at underling the major importance which the insurance of a sustainable household's indebtedness level has for the macroeconomic and financial stability of a country.

Technology development in the maritime industry led to the point where we now have unmanned ships run by automated systems. Therefore, (unmanned) crewless ships that were once only science fiction become real. Maritime Autonomous Surface Ships (MASS) have existed since world war two, and they develop by then. The existence of Maritime autonomous surface ships (MASS) has opened doors to new opportunities and enormous economic benefits for the maritime industry. Even though it will be run in automatic mode, the ship will still be monitored on land by the Shore Control Centre (SCC). This research will describe the aspects of definition, practice, the rule of law, and the use of MASS for seafarers and the maritime industry in general. While maritime regulation has not anticipated this magnitude before, thus not yet fully prepared to accommodate partially or fully automated ships. Consequently, A maritime legal regime still needs to ensure that MASS is safe and can be used sustainably.

The COVID-19 pandemic is described as circumstances often interchangeably in social and medical contexts as non-boundary spread and directly affected a wide range of human life and a non-traditional security threat. The pandemic has had adverse consequences on the economy, and health and psychology have suffered. In 2020, ASEAN  held an extraordinary summit on COVID-19 to accelerate resilience to the pandemic as a regional response; however, a solid commitment and comprehensive foundation are critical focal points for dealing with infectious diseases. Therefore, ASEAN member states should create a permanent mechanism to deal with current and future pandemics by providing a strategic long-term plan, an annual work plan, effective monitoring systems, and quality assurance by strengthening the ASEAN Socio-Cultural Community’s role as an open and dynamic entity within the ASEAN Community. Doctrinal research based on normative legal and conceptual approaches was conducted as methods for this study.

The trade between countries is the main important key to increase people’s prosperity. It is mainly because the prosperity can be measure with nation’s balance of trade. However, the trade has to be adjusted to the national resources and has to think of nation’s souvereignty. In everyt trade between countries, there will be a condition in which souvereinty will be interefered by one of the member of the trade—for example in forms of pure trade or exploitation nation resources. Therefore, the requirements of trade between two members of trade are needed in order that it won’t interfere by nation’s souvereignty and also won’t exploit all of nation resourcesKeywords: Souvereignty, Trade, Nation resources