Fumed oak wood is valuable and one of the most environmentally friendly natural materials. As a result of a long stay of wood in flowing river water and in contact with bottom soil without air access, an individual process of staining of each trunk occurs. It consists in changing the chemical composition of the wood. The wood acquires increased strength and a beautiful color scheme. It is established that the degree of coloring of fumed oak wood depends on the amount of iron oxides in it (Fe2O3). There are industrial stocks of this wood in the Russian Federation. Drying process is one of the key technological operations. The most common methods of fumed oak wood drying are convective-atmospheric and convective-thermal ones. They have long duration, and the number of defects in warping and cracking reaches 30-40%. In this work, the drying of fumed oak wood by various methods has been investigated. It has been established that shrinkage of fumed oak wood is 1.5-2.0 times more than of natural oak woo. Preliminary thermochemical treatment enables to reduce the volumetric shrinkage of wood by 25%. An analysis of the color change of fumed oak wood depending on the conditions of wood staining in the river Voronezh has been made. Determination of the shrinkage quality and size is necessary to justify the allowances for obtaining sizes of lumber when cutting round wood. The studies performed will allow the rational and efficient use of valuable and unique oak wood
An individual process of staining of each trunk occurs as a result of the long-term presence of wood in the river soil without oxygen access. It consists in changing the structure and chemical composition of the wood. There are industrial reserves of this wood on the territory of the Russian Federation, in the floodplains of a number of rivers. One of the most important tasks at the extraction stage is the primary individual quality assessment of the trunk. One of the most effective diagnostic indicators for assessing wood quality can be the number of annual layers in one centimeter. This indicator correlates well with wood density. The purpose of the research is to establish the influence of the macrostructure of natural wood and stained oak wood, changes in the microstructure on its density. It was found that the density of stained oak wood, depending on the number of annual layers in 1 cm, is about 10% higher than that of natural wood, all other things being equal. The magnitude and nature of the decrease in density along the radius of the trunk is the same as in natural wood. It is about 20%. The performed studies will allow making an express analysis of the quality of each stained wood trunk at the stage of making a decision on the behavior of its extraction. This will significantly reduce the cost of logging and primary processing of stained oak wood
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