The dynamical effects of the entrance channel on the formation of the evaporation residues are studied by analyzing the 40 Ar + 176 Hf, 86 Kr + 130,136 Xe, 124 Sn + 92 Zr, and 48 Ca + 174 Yb reactions leading to the 216 Th * and 222 Th * compound nuclei. We find that the difference between the evaporation residue cross sections for the reactions leading to the same compound nucleus is caused by the different angular momentum distributions of the partial fusion cross sections σ fus (E c.m. ). The strong dependence of the fusion angular momentum distribution on the mass (charge) asymmetry and shell structure of reactants is demonstrated. The effect of the A/Z ratio for the 86 Kr + 130,136 Xe reactions is discussed. The dynamical conditions of capture affect the competition between complete fusion and quasifission and, consequently, the shape of the angular momentum distribution of the compound nucleus. By this way the peculiarities of the entrance channel also affect the fission-evaporation competition of the excited intermediate nuclei along the deexcitation cascade of the compound nucleus and, consequently, the evaporation residue formation.
The yields of evaporation residues, fusion-fission and quasifission fragments in the 48 Ca+ 144,154 Sm and 16 O+ 186 W reactions are analyzed in the framework of the combined theoretical method based on the dinuclear system concept and advanced statistical model. The measured yields of evaporation residues for the 48 Ca+ 154 Sm reaction can be well reproduced. The measured yields of fission fragments are decomposed into contributions coming from fusion-fission, quasifission, and fast-fission. The decrease in the measured yield of quasifission fragments in 48 Ca+ 154 Sm at the large collision energies and the lack of quasifission fragments in the 48 Ca+ 144 Sm reaction are explained by the overlap in mass-angle distributions of the quasifission and fusion-fission fragments. The investigation of the optimal conditions for the synthesis of the new element Z=120 (A=302) show that the 54 Cr+ 248 Cm reaction is preferable in comparison with the 58 Fe+ 244 Pu and 64 Ni+ 238 U reactions because the excitation function of the evaporation residues of the former reaction is some orders of magnitude larger than that for the last two reactions.
The experimental data on the capture and evaporation residue cross-sections obtained in the 48 Ca +208 Pb reaction were analyzed in the framework of the dynamical model based on the dinuclear system concept and advanced statistical method to clarify the reaction mechanism. The experimental excitation function of the capture reactions was decomposed into contributions of the fusion–fission, quasifission and fast-fission processes. Total evaporation residues and ones after neutron emission were only calculated and compared with the available experimental data.
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