Ytterbium‐doped yttrium oxide (Yb:Y2O3) transparent ceramics with different sintering additives (Lu2O3, Sc2O3, CeO2, ZrO2, or HfO2) were fabricated using nanopowders produced by laser ablation. Transmission and photoluminescence spectra of the obtained ceramics were investigated at room temperature. Highest in‐line transmittance was over 80% at the wavelength of 1060 nm for 2 mm thick Yb:Y2O3 ceramics with zirconium and hafnium. Divalent Yb ions with the ground state electron configuration 4f136s were revealed. The absorption and emission bands caused by s↔s transitions of these ions were observed in the IR spectral range of Yb3+ ions. The superposition of both Yb3+ and Yb2+ emission bands leads to an effective broadening of the whole luminescence band.
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