Dysfunctional pancreatic beta cell and impaired glucose metabolism in the liver has been implicated in streptozotocin (STZ)-type 2 diabetes mellitus and this has been linked with increased oxidative stress. Whether methanol extract of Dryopteris dilatata (MEDd), a flavonoid-rich plant can ameliorate STZ- type 2 diabetes liver damage remains an issue. Hence, this study investigated the effect of methanol extract of Dryopteris dilatata on STZ- type 2 diabetes mellitus in male Wistar rat. Animals were randomly selected into five groups (n=5) and were treated as follows; group 1 received distilled water (10ml/kg), Group 2 received only STZ (60mg/kg), Group 3 and 4 received STZ then 400 and 800mg/kg of MEDd respectively while Group 5 received STZ then pioglitazone (10mg/kg). Following 14 days of treatment, animals were euthanized and blood as well as spleen, liver, pancreas and kidney tissues were collected for further studies. Our results revealed that MEDd significantly reduced STZ-induced hyperglycaemia in Diabetic rats. Markers of oxidative injury (MDA, NO and GSH) were also significantly ameliorated in the pancreas and liver of the diabetic rats following treatment with MEDd. However, liver injury markers (ALT, AST and ALP) were significantly attenuated with marked decreased in organ weight in the diabetic rats after treatment with MEDd. We found that methanol extract of Dryopteris dilatata demonstrated anti-diabetogenic and hepato-protective potential by enhancing in vivo hepato-pancreatic antioxidant defence system.
Aim: The aim of this study was to evaluate the in vivo antiplasmodial activities of the methanol mesocarp extract of Citrillus lanatus in mice infected with Plasmodium berghei berghei. Materials and Methods: The extract (125, 250, and 500 mg/kg) was administered orally to mice and were assessed in suppressive, repository and curative tests using Chloroquine (5 mg/kg) and Pyrimethamine (1.2 mg/kg) as positive controls. Results: A dose-dependent, significant (p < 0.001) antiplasmodial effect was recorded in the suppressive test relative to control. The extract also demonstrated a dose-dependent, significant (p < 0.01 – 0.001) prophylactic and curative effects when compared to the controls. These antiplasmodial effects of the extract compared favourably with those of the standard drugs. The extract in addition, increased the mean survival times of the infected mice. Conclusions: The methanol mesocarp extract of C. lanatus possesses antiplasmodial activities, thereby corroborating its use in natural medicine in the treatment of malaria.
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