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Research subject. This article analyses specific features of secondary transformations of quartz grains under the influence of water-oil fluids on the example of the Tulsky and Bobrikovsky oil-saturated quartz sandstones of the Demkinskoye oil deposit in the south-east of Tatarstan.Materials and methods. The research was carried out using the methods of optical microscopy, x-ray diffraction and electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR).Results. On the example of the Tulsky and Bobrikovsky oil-saturated Visean quartz sandstones, we analysed the influence of wateroil fluids on rocks and features of the secondary transformations of quartz grains in the Demkinsky oil field in the southeast of Tatarstan Republic. In the oilcharge stage, the spatial redistribution of silica was realized. Quartz grains dissolved in the sole and middle part of the reservoir, precipitating in the form of chalcedony in the top part of the reservoir. The dissolution of quartz grains was promoted by micro defects concentrated on their periphery. The dissolution was triggered by both plastic deformations of minerals at the contacts and an increase in the alkalinity in the pore space up to pH = 9-10. Chalcedony aggregates were formed in the intergranular space of oil-saturated sandstones. Depending on the nucleation point of the siliceous substance and silica concentration in pore fluids, either single spherulitic or agate-type aggregates were formed. According to EPR, the studied chalcedony aggregates have a high content of paramagnetic E'-centres. This was caused by a deficiency of oxygen in the mineral-forming fluid during chalcedony precipitation.Conclusions. Chalcedony precipitation underwent in acidic conditions, which led to silica-type metasomatism in the top part of the reservoir followed by substitution of muscovite grains by morphological fibrous chalcedony. Metasomatism affected the grains of both detrital muscovite and muscovite present as inclusions inside quartz grains. This process indicates the manifestation of surface and bulk diffusion of silica, affecting all clastic components.

Magnetite microspheres from the Carboniferous deposits of the Usolka reference section were studied by probe microanalysis, with comparison of the distributions of chemical elements and microspheres. The presence of microspheres in sedimentary strata is considered to be an additional factor for stratigraphic correlation between sedimentary sections. The microspheres are shown to be of cosmic nature. The Late Paleozoic paleoclimatic changes (extreme cooling) and biotic crises were caused by the periodical Solar System motion in the Galaxy, cosmic-dust fallout, and meteorite bombardments of the Earth.

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