We describe the construction of new helper Ti plasmids for Agrobacterium-mediated plant transformation. These plasmids are derived from three different Agrobacterium tumefaciens Ti plasmids, the octopine plasmid pTiB6, the nopaline plasmid pTiC58, and the L,L-succinamopine plasmid pTiBo542. The T-DNA regions of these plasmids were deleted using site-directed mutagenesis to yield replicons carrying the vir genes that will complement binary vectors in trans. Data are included that demonstrate strain utility. The advantages of Agrobacterium strains harbouring these 'disarmed' Ti plasmids for plant transformation via Agrobacterium are discussed.
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