This experiment was carried out to study the effect of a directly fed exogenous fibrolytic enzyme on intake and digestion of DM, OM, protein, NDF, ADF, and hemicellulose of alfalfa and ryegrass hay by sheep. Four diets were randomly assigned to four ruminally cannulated lambs using a 4 x 4 Latin square design, repeated in time, with a factorial arrangement (2 x 2) of diets: 1) alfalfa hay; 2) alfalfa hay + exogenous fibrolytic enzymes (enzyme); 3) ryegrass hay; and 4) ryegrass hay + enzyme. Lambs consumed more DM and OM from alfalfa than from ryegrass hay (P < 0.001). The ADF intake was not different between the hays, but NDF intake was lower for alfalfa (P < 0.001). For both hays, the enzyme increased intake of DM (P < 0.01), as well as OM and CP (P < 0.05); however, NDF and ADF intake were not changed. Alfalfa hay had higher apparent digestibility of DM, OM, and CP (P < 0.001), but lower digestibility for NDF, ADF, and hemicellulose. The enzyme increased apparent digestibility of CP, hemicellulose (P < 0.05), and NDF (P < 0.10) for alfalfa. Also, for both hays, the enzyme improved N balance because lambs retained more N (P < 0.05). The enzyme increased (P < 0.05) total VFA concentration (3 and 6 h) for both hays. Results from this trial indicate that directly fed exogenous fibrolytic enzymes may change ruminal fermentation, intake, and digestibility of forages with different nutritive value.
To evaluate the effect of feeding a yeast culture (0 or 5 g l d per sheep) on digestion and N balance in lambs fed orchard grass hay cut at 5 or 16-wk of re-growth, 4 male Criollo lambs (45 4 kg) fitted with ruminal cannulae in a 4x4 Latin square with a factorial 2x2 arrangement of treatments were used. Addition of a yeast culture did not affect (P>0.05) intake, rumen pH and ammonia N, N balance and total tract digestion of nutrients. Ruminal total protozoa changed only according to orchard grass maturity (P<0.05); however, treatments did not affect total and cellulolytic bacteria, rumen pH and rumen ammonia N concentration.It is concluded that addition of a yeast culture to lambs fed early and mature orchard grass did alter ruminal protozoa without affecting feed intake, total tract digestion and N balance.
Tres leguminosas herbáceas: Macroptilium lathyroides, Macroptilium atropurpureum y Phaseolus acutifolius se sembraron en 12 unidades experimentales de 28 m2 cada una, bajo un diseño de bloques completos al azar y cuatro repeticiones por especie. El objetivo fue evaluar las características de producción de materia seca (MS), relación hoja-tallo y cobertura, así como la concentración de proteína cruda (PC), fibra detergente neutro (FDN), fibra detergente ácido (FDA), lignina (LDA), taninos, fenoles y digestibilidad in vitro de la MS (DIVMS) en todo el ciclo biológico de las especies. La producción promedio de MS (kg ha-1) difirió (P<0.05) entre especies, resultando mayor para M. lathyroides (4,655), intermedia para M. atropurpureum (3,920) y menor (2,170) para P. acutifolius. La diferencia en producción de MS entre M. lathyroides y M. atropurpureum fue un reflejo principalmente de diferencias en la altura de la planta, más que a diferencias en la relación hoja-tallo o cobertura. M. lathyroides y M. atropurpureum no fueron diferentes (P>0.05) en concentración de PC, FDN, FDA y DIVMS. La especie P. acutifolius mostró una menor concentración de todas las fracciones y una menor DIVMS. La concentración de taninos (g kg-1 MS) fue mayor (P<0.05) para M. lathyroides (3.93), intermedia para M. atropurpureum (3.14) y menor (1.82) para P. acutifolius. En fenoles, las especies no fueron diferentes, obteniendo un promedio de 20.3 g kg-1 MS. Se concluye que M. lathyroides y M. atropurpureum fueron las especies con mejor comportamiento productivo y calidad nutritiva en toda la fase experimental.
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