An 8-week feeding experiment was designed to examine the influences of single or/and double strains of probiotic compared to antibiotic colistin on growth, hematological variables, blood serum metabolites and caecal fermentation in post-weaning rabbits exposed to heat stress conditions. A total of one hundred (35-day-old; average initial body weights 694 ± 7.33) New Zealand White rabbits were distributed into five groups. The experimental groups were the basal diet (control), or basal diet fortified with 120 mg colistin (COL); 5 Â 10 6 cfu Clostridium butyricum (CB); 2 Â 10 8 cfu Enterococcus faecium NCIMB 11181 (EF); or 2.5 Â 10 6 cfu C. butyricum þ 1 Â 10 8 cfu E. faecium/kg diet (CB þ EF). The results demonstrated that both the EF and CB þ EF treatments enhanced (p < .05) final body weight and overall feed conversion ratio compared to control and COL treatment. The carcase yield percentage and relative organs weight were insignificantly affected in all treated groups. The COL treatment increased (p < .05) mean corpuscular volume and albumin/globulin ratio compared to the control group. Compared to the control, all probiotic and COL groups decreased (p < .05) serum total triglycerides and very low-density lipoprotein. The concentrations of Serum total protein, globulin, highdensity lipoprotein, complement component 3, and lysozyme activity were higher (p < .05) in probiotic groups than those in the control group. Probiotic application improved the caecal total volatile fatty acids, propionate concentrations, and intestinal histomorphometry parameters. In conclusion, EF and CB þ EF probiotic supplements could be used as alternatives to antibiotic colistin to enhance the growth and health of weaned rabbits under heat stress conditions. HIGHLIGHTSTwo strains of probiotics as alternatives to antibiotics were studied in rabbits under heat stress conditions. Supplemental EF and CB þ EF probiotic enhanced rabbit growth and feed utilisation. Probiotic application improved biochemical and immunological indicators. The application of the tested probiotics improved the caecal volatile fatty acids production and the intestinal histomorphometry parameters. EF and CB þ EF probiotic supplements could be used as an alternative to antibiotics to promote the growth of rabbits under heat stress conditions.

Forty-two New Zealand White male rabbits with average body weight 546.74g were randomly assigned to 7 groups (6 animals in each) in a completely randomized design to study the effect of dietary zinc supplementation through inorganic (ZnO) or organic (Zinc EDTA) sources in combinations with copper (CuSo 4) on growth performance. Rabbits of the first group (T1) were given basal diet without any supplementations (control group), while the other 6 groups were given basal diet containing zinc and copper as follows: group 2 (T2) received basal diet + 250 mg Cu/kg diet from CuSo 4 , group 3 (T3) received basal diet + 500 mg Cu/kg diet, group 4 (T4) received basal diet +20 mg Zn from Zinc EDTA + 250 mg Cu/kg diet, group 5 (T5) received basal diet + 20 mg Zn from Zinc EDTA + 500 mg Cu/kg diet, group 6 (T6) received basal diet +20 mg Zn from ZnO + 250 mg Cu/kg diet and group 7 (T7) received basal diet + 20 mg Zn from ZnO + 500 mg Cu/kg diet, respectively. Live body weight, daily body gain, daily feed intake and feed conversion ratio were significantly increased by feeding rabbits on diets supplemented with 250 or 500 mg Cu/ kg diet. More enhancements were recorded in rabbits fed with 20 mg zinc as ZnO and 250 mg copper (T6). Total protein concentration in blood serum was significantly increased in rabbits fed 20 mg Zn from Zn EDTA + 500 mg Cu/kg diet (T5). Also the same treatment increased ceriatenine (CREAT) concentration in blood serum. While, Cu supplementations at 250 (T2) or 500 (T3) mg/kg feed increased urea concentration. All supplementation treatments significantly increased pre-slaughter weight comparing to un-supplemented control rabbits. The highest pre-slaughter weight was found in rabbits fed with diet containing 250 mg Cu/kg diet (T2) or with 20 mg Zn from ZnO + 250 mg Cu/kg diet (T6). Weights of carcass, liver and kidney and dressing (%) as well as weights of head and hind part did not significantly affected with the tested supplementations. Economically final margin was increased in all rabbits fed supplemented feed. The highest income from gain and the highest final margin were recorded in rabbit groups fed diet supplemented with 250 mg Cu/kg diet (T2) or 20 mg Zn from ZnO + 250 mg Cu/kg diet (T6).

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Antalya İ linde K ı l Keçisi Yeti ştiricili ğ inin Baz ı Yap ısal Özellikleri Il. Bazı Üreme Özellikleri, Sa ğı m ve K ı rk ı m Dönemi Uygulamaları Gürsel DELLAL1 G e l i ş Tarihi : 07.09.2000 Özet: Bu araşt ı rmada, Antalya ilinde Merkez, Korkuteli, Elmal ı , Kaş, Manavgat, Gündo ğ muş ve Gazipaşa ilçelerinde Kıl Keçisi yeti ştiricili ğine yer veren tarı m işletmelerinin baz ı üreme özellikleri , sa ğı m ve kırk ı m dönemi uygulamalar ı ve yetiştiricilikte kar şı laşı lan sorunlar gibi yap ısal unsurlara ili şkin özellikler ara ştı r ı lm ıştı r.Araşt ırma bulguları na göre, ilkine dam ızl ı k yaşı ve dam ızl ı kta kullanma süresi erkek ve di şi keçiler için s ı ras ı yla 1.7 ± O. 14; 2.0 t 0.16 yıl ve 5.1 t 0.38 y ı l; 6.38 t 0.41 y ı l olarak bulunmuştur.Sütten kesim ya şı ve sagı m süresi s ıras ı yla 2.5 t 0.25 ve 3.8:t0.51 ayd ır. Ilk k ı rk ı m yaşı 1.3 t 0.09 y ı l ve kı rkı m esas olarak a ğ ustos ay ı nda yap ı lmaktad ı r. Abstract:ln this research, the characteristics with some reproductive traits, managements of milking and shearing period and problems appearing in rearing of the Hair goat farms in district of Centre, Korkuteli, Elmal ı , Kaş, Manavgat, Gündoğmuş and Gazipaşa in the Antalya province were researched. Acorrding to f ındings of research, it was founded that first breeding age and duration of breeding for male and female goats were 1.7±0.14; 2.0±0.16 years and 5.1±0.38; 6.38±0.42 years, respectively. The weainig age and milking duration were 2.5±0.25 and 3.8±0.51 mounth, respectively. The first shearing age was 1.3± 0.09 year and shearing mainly was carried out on August.